INDEX. 515 
CAV 
Caves, marine — continued. 
— the Souffleur, or Blower, 52 
— the Buffadero, 53 
Caviar, 217 
Cellulariv, 319 
Cephalopods, their organisation, 271 
— their locomotion, 274 
— their food, 277 
— their enemies, 277 
— their great size in some cases, 379 
— the Norwegian kraken, 279 
— the argonaut, 280 
— the nautilus, 281 
— the cephalopods of the primitive 
ocean, 282 
Cessart, De, his breakwater at Cher- 
bourg, 90 
Cetaceans, general remarks on the or- 
ganisation of the, 95 
— food of whales, 98 
— their enemies, 99 
— large Greenland whale, 101 
— the rorqual, or fin-back, 101 
— the antarctic smooth-back, 102 
— sperm-whale, 102 
— the narwhal, or unicorn-fish, 106 
— the dolphin, 107 
— the porpoise, 108 
— the grampus, 108 
— history of the whale-fishery, 109 
— the caing whale, 115 
Cetochilus australis, banks of the, in 
the Pacific, 21 
Ceylon, or Taprobane, discovery of, 447 
Cheetodon rostratus, 203 
Chancellor's discovery of the White Sea, 
474 
— his death, 475 
Charybdis, vortex of, 41 
Chelura tenebrans, 247 
Chelyosoma, 323 
Chepstow, high tides at, 38 
Cherbourg, breakwater of, 90 
Chili, upheaving of the coast of, 10 
Chincha Islands, statistics of the guano 
trade of the, 169 
Chiton squamosa, 285 
Chlorosperme, or green sea-weeds, 391 
Chondrus crispus, or carrigeen, 399 
Circumnavigation of the globe first per- 
formed by Sebastian el Cano, 469 
Clavellina producta, 322 
Climate, influence of the Gulf Stream on 
that of the west European coasts, 51 
— variety of climates in similar lati- 
tudes, 52 
— Peruvian cold stream, 53 
— Japanese stream, 54 
— influence of forests on climates, 78 
— power of man over climate, 78 
Climbing fishes, 193 
CRU 
Clio borealis, 298 
Clouds, formation of, 71, 72 
Coast-line of the sea, length of, 4 
Coasts, different formation of, 5 
— destructive power of the sea on all, 29 
Cockle, the, 308, 306 
Cocoa-nut crab of the East Indies, 254 
Cod, the, 415 
— curing the cod, 216 
— cod-liver oil, 216 
Celenterata, 345, 357 
Coleus of Samos, his maritime disco- 
veries, 446 
Colour of the sea, 17 
— the azure cave at Capri, 18 
— changes produced by alge and sea- 
worms, 19 
Columbus, his discovery of America, 457 
Compass, mariner’s, invention of the, 451 
Composition of sea-water, 12 
Cone-shell, orange, 288 
Conger-eels, 222 
Congo, discovery of, 456 
Constructions, marine, 80-91 
Cook, Captain, his voyages and disco- 
veries, 485 
— his first voyage, 486 
— discovery of the Society Islands, 486 
— — of the east coast of New Holland, 
486 
— his second voyage, and discoveries, 
492 
— his third voyage, 491 
— his death, 462 
Cook’s Strait, discovery of, 486 
Conochilus volvox, 268 
Coral, spotted, of the Indian Ocean, 21 
Coral, 366 
— deep sea, 367 
— fishing of the Mediterranean, 367 
Coral-reefs, 374 
— barrier-reef of Australia, 374 
— how they become habitable for man, 
375, 376 
Coralline zone, 413 
Cordova, his discoveries, 491 
Cormorants, 154, 155 
Cortereal, Gaspar, his maritime disco- 
veries, 460 
Cortereal, John Vaez, his discoveries, 458 
Cortereal, Miguel, 461 
Cortes, his conquest of Mexico, 461 
Coryniade, 358 
Crabs, 246 
— legs of crabs, 251 
— larve of crabs, 258 
Cross-fish, the common, 334 
Crustacea, by what are they distin- 
guished from the insects and spiders ? 
243 
— their respiratory organs, 244 
MM 
