INDEX. 
PEA 
Pea-crab, 253 
Pearl-oyster, 311 
Pearls, 311, 812 
Pectinibranchiata, 288 
Pectunculus, 302 L 
Pegasus, swimming, 207 
Pelamid, 224 
Pelamys bicolor, 183 
Pelicans, 116, 154 
Penguins, 142, 152 
— species of, 153 
Pentacrinus briareus, 330 
Periwinkle, 411 
Peru, visited by Pizarro, 471 
— conquered by him, 472 
Peruvian ocean-current, the, 62 
Petrels, 160 
— stormy, 162 
Philippine Islands, discovery of the, 468 
Philodina roseola, 269 
Pheenicians, maritime discoveries of the, 
443 
— their progress in the arts and sciences, 
445 
Pholades, 304 
Pholas dactylus, 301 
— Pliny’s accounts of its phosphores- 
cence, 431 
— striata, 302 
Phosphorescence of the sea, causes of, 
418 
— of various marine animals, 418 
Phyllosoma, 248 
Physali, the, 354 
Physophoridee, 353 
Pilchards, 212, 415 
Pilot-fish, 225 
Pinne of the Mediterranean, 253, 304, 
305 
Pinson, his discoveries, 460 
Pipe-fishes, 233, 234 
Pisa, maritime trade of, 449 
Pizarro, sketch of him and his com- 
panions, 469 
Plaice, 238 
Plants, marine, 390 
Plectognaths, 232 
Plesiosaurus, the, 438 
Pleuronectide, or flat-fishes, 235 
Pliny, his geographical knowledge, 448 
Plover, the, 144 
Plymouth breakwater, in the great storm 
of 1824, 29 
Polycystina, 382, 383 
Polynesia, length of coast-line of, 4 
Polyps, 345 
Polyzoa, 316, 320 
Porcupine-tish, 232 
Porpoise, 108 
Portland, destructive action of the sea 
at, 31 
52] 
ROM 
Porto Santo, discovery of, 455 
Portuguese man-of-war, 354 
Poulp, 272, 273 
Prontzchitschew, his maritime disco- 
veries, 483 
Protozoa, 378 
Pteroceras, 290 
Pteropods, their organisation and mode 
of life, 298 
— the butterflies of the ocean, 299 
Ptolemies, maritime discoyeries of thie, 
447 
Ptolemy, the geographer, his knowledge 
of the globe, 449 
Ptygura melicerta, 267 
Puftins, 165, 167 
Purbeck, destruction of the cliffs at, 
31 
Pyrosoma atlantica, its phosphorescence, 
420 
Pyrosomes, 325 
Pytheas of Massilia, his maritime dis- 
coveries, 446 
UANTITY of the waters contained 
within the bosom of the ocean, 8 
Quiros, his maritime discoveries, 480 
Quito, coast of, discovery of, 470 
ACER, or rider-crab, the, 251 
Rain, formation of, 72 
— inequality of, 72 
— its return to the sea, 73 
Rays, 240 
Razor-shell, 303-306 
Ré, oyster-trade of, 311 
Reculyer, destruction of the coast at, 
30 
Red Sea, height of the, 12 
— — red alge of the, 0 
— — Phenician trade on the, 445 
Reef-building corals, 374 
Regent Inlet, Prince, discovery of, 500 
Reptiles of the sea, 172 
Rhodosperms, Floridez, or red 
weeds, 398 
— their habitat, 398 
Richardson, Sir John, his arctic voyages, 
501 
Rivers, phenomena presented by the 
mixture of salt and fresh water in, 
16 
— quantities of water which rivers pour 
into the ocean, 75 
Rock-goose, 149 
Roggewein, his maritime discoveries, 
483 
Rome, ancient, maritime discoveries of, 
448 
sea- 
