INDEX. 525 
SMO 
Bmnooth-back whale, the antarctic, 102 
Snake-stars, 437 
Snow-goose, 146 
Society Islands, discovei 
Soland goose, 156 
Solasters, 334 
Sole, 237 
— skin of the, 190 
Solen, or razor-shell, 304 
Solis, Juan de, his discoveries, 461 
—- — — his death, 461 
Svlomon Islands, discovery of the, 473, 
483 
Souffleur, or blower, the marine cave of 
the, 52 
Soundings, American method of taking, 
in deep water, 6 
South Sea Islands, discovery of the, 
474 
Speckled diver, 145 
Sperm-whale, or cachalot, 102 
Spiders, marine, 260 
Spitzbergen, discovery of, 477 
Spondylus, royal, 314 
Sponge-crab, 249 
Sponges, 385 
— their remarkable growth, 385 
— habitat of the common sponge, 388 
Sprat, the, 214 
Springs, origin of, 73 
— mineral waters, 74 
Springs of fresh water in the bottom of 
the sea, 17 
Staffa, island of, 46 
Stalactite caves of the island of Sardinia, 
49 
Star-fishes, 328 
— their organisation, 328 
Star-gazer fish, 202 
Sterlet of the Volga, 217 
Stevenson, Mr. Alan, his Skerryvore 
lighthouse, 86 
Stevenson, Mr. Robert, his lighthouse 
on the Bell-Rock, 85 
Stickleback, parental affection of the, 
195 
Stone-corals, 373 
Storm, the great, of 1703, 82 
Storm-tides, 34 
— devastations of, on flat coasts, 34, 
of the, 486 
By) 
Strand-birds, 143 
— migration of, 144 
— food of, 144 
Strombus pes pelicani, 290 
Sturgeons, 216, 217 
— caviar, 217 
Sucking-fish, 203 
Suffolk, rapid decay of the clifts of, 29 
Sun-fish, 232, 233 
— its luminousness, 422 
TRA 
Sun, his influence on the tides, 37 
Sun-star fish, 334 
Surgeon-fish, the, 205 
Sweden, gradual upheaving of the coast 
of, 10 
Sword-fish, an enemy of the whale, 99 
— his weapon, 201 
Syncheta baltica, 269 
NAHITI, discovery of, 484 
Tailor-bird, the, 143 
Taprobane, or Ceylon, discovery of, 447 
Tartessus, Phoenician town of, 444 
Tasman, Abel, his maritime discoveries, 
480 
Tasmania, discovery of, +81 
Tectibranchiata, 284 
Temperature of the sea, 13 
— at various parts of the surface of the 
globe, 14 
Teredo navalis, 302 
Thames, progress of the tide-wave in 
the, 43 
Thornbacks, 240 
Thresher, or sea-fox, an enemy of the 
whale, 99 
Thunder-stones, 437 
Tide-wave, measurement of the depth of 
the sea by the rapidity of the, 8 
— progress and course of the, 40, 43 
Tides, the, 32 
— description of the phenomenon, 32 
— devastations of storm-floods on flat 
coasts, 34, 35 
-— knowledge of the ancients respecting 
the tides, 36 
— fundamental causes of the tides 
revealed by Kepler and Newton, 
36, 37 
Tides, height of the, at various places, 
38 
— vortices caused by the: the Mael- 
strom, Charybdis, &c., 41 
— the phenomena of the Euripus, 44 
Tierra del Fuego, masses of sea-weed at, 
394 
—-—-— rounded by Schouten and 
Le Maire, 480 
Tonga, discovery of, 481 
Top, agglutinating, 296 
Tornadoes, causes of, 68 
Tornatella fasciata, 290 
Torpedo, the, 201 
Torres, his maritime discoveries, 480 
Torso Rock, the, 9 
Tortoise-shell, 180 
Tortoises, 176 
Trade-winds, the, 67 
Transparency of the sea at Capri, 18 
— — — — jn the Indian Ocean, 21 
