LIST OF TREES AND SHRUBS. 285 



Newfoundland, and New England, and is considered as having 

 been introduced from England. The pinnate-leaved barberries 

 or Mahonim are natives of Oregon, and perhaps extend north- 

 wards into New Caledonia or Vancouver's Island. 



Cistine^e. — Hudsonia tomentosa grows in New Jersey and 

 Canada, on the borders of all the great lakes, and onwards on 

 the canoe route to Clear-water River on the 57th parallel, beyond 

 which it was not observed. 



Tiliace^e. — Tilia glabra, the lime tree, white wood, or 

 bass wood, is a familiar ornamental and useful tree in the 

 United States and Canada. We observed it as far north as 

 Lake Winipeg, but only as underwood, sending out long flexible 

 branches, which the natives convert into temporary cordage. 



Acertne^. — Acer montanum (vel spicatuni), the moun- 

 tain maple, has a range from Maine, Pictou, Wisconsin, and 

 Minesota, to the River Winipeg, and, from the beautiful orange 

 and red tints which its leaves assume in decay, is a great or- 

 nament to the woods in autumn. A. circinatum is confined to 

 the west coast, is common in Oregon, and extends to the British 

 territory on that side of the mountains. It grows in the woody 

 country only, and chiefly in the pine forests, where its pendulous 

 branches, taking root, form almost impenetrable thickets. The 

 close-grained tough wood is used by the natives for making 

 hoops. 



A. saccharinum, sugar maple, with the variety, or perhaps 

 species, named A. nigrum by Michaux, has been traced by 

 Dr. Asa Gray along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia. In 

 the low country it scarcely passes to the south of Pennsylvania, 

 but on the west side of the valley of the Mississippi is found as 

 far south as Arkansas. Its northern limit is a short way beyond 

 the 49th parallel on the elevated southern water-shed of Lake 

 Winipeg ; but it may, perhaps, attain a greater northern latitude 

 in the lower country of Canada. A little to the south of Rainy 

 Lake it yields abundance of good sugar. The variety named 

 bird's-eye maple grows on one of the islands of the Lake of 

 the Woods, and has been employed for making gun-stocks. 

 Goat Island, at the Falls of Niagara, according to Mr. David 



