292 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANTS. 



katchewan basin. R. nutkanus, white flowering raspberry, 

 was discovered in Queen Charlotte's Sound by Mr. Menzies in 

 lat. 51° on the Pacific coast, since which time it has been found 

 in Norfolk Sound, lat. 57°, and traced down to Cape Orford in 

 lat. 43°, and to the head waters of the Columbia in 52°. On 

 the eastern declivity of the Rocky Mountains it grows between 

 latitudes 52° and 54°, and on the River Winipeg, Lake Superior, 

 and Upper Michigan. Near the Pacific it is ten feet high, and 

 forms the underwood on the island of Sitka ; but in the passes 

 of the Rocky Mountains dwindles down to a foot or eighteen 

 inches. In thickets on the Winipeg its leaves attain remarkable 

 dimensions : the fruit is inedible. R. odoratus, purple flower- 

 ing raspberry, is a native of the Northern States, Canada, and 

 the country between Lake Superior and the Saskatchewan. 

 R. spectabilis is a prickly shrub, ten feet high, inhabiting the 

 Pacific coast from Oregon to Unalashka. R. suberectus, bram- 

 ble. This species, which is also European, is an inhabitant of 

 Newfoundland, and of the country between Lake Superior and 

 the Saskatchewan, where it was found both in 1825 and 1848. 

 R. villosus is common in the Northern States, and is found also in 

 Nova Scotia and Canada- West up to Lake Huron and Wiscon- 

 sin. It is included in Elliott's " Flora Carolina," but I have not 

 ascertained its equatorial limit. R. hispidus vel obovalis, run- 

 ning swamp blackberry, is common in the Northern States, and 

 extends through Canada to Lake Superior. R. canadensis (L.), 

 vel trivialis (Puvsh), low blackberry or dewberry, has a similar 

 range with the preceding species. R. nivalis (Douglas), is 

 an alpine shrub, found on the snowy ridges of the Rocky Moun- 

 tains, and not growing more than six inches high. There are 

 also several herbaceous species of this genus ; as R. trijlorus, 

 dwarf raspberry, which is common in the Northern States and 

 throughout Rupert's Land, northward to Slave and Mackenzie 

 Rivers. The Dog-ribs name it Tasille-M-eh. Its northern 

 limit is about lat. 68°. R. chamcsmorus, cloudberry, is found 

 on the White Mountains of New Hampshire near the limit of 

 trees ; also in Maine and Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and 

 Labrador. In lat. 54°, and more to the north, it crosses the 



