LIST OF TREES AND SHRUBS. 295 



and mountain woods of the Northern States. It is frequent on 

 the shores of Lakes Huron and Superior; but is seldom seen 

 on the canoe route beyond Lake Winipeg. On the acclivities 

 and in the valleys of the Rocky Mountains, however, it ranges 

 northwards to Fort Liard, near the 60th parallel. It has been 

 observed as high as the 56th degree of north latitude on the Pacific 

 coast, from whence it extends southwards through the subalpine 

 regions of Oregon. P. arbutifolia, choke-berry, is common in 

 the damp thickets of the northern states, in Newfoundland, in 

 Canada, and onwards to the Saskatchewan basin ; but was not 

 observed so far north as the immediate banks of that stream. 



Grossulakie^:. — The species of this family seem to attain 

 their maximum number to the north of the United States. 

 Ribes oxyacanthoides, sharp-thorned gooseberry, inhabits New- 

 foundland, Canada, and the canoe route northwards to the 62nd 

 parallel, or perhaps further. R. cynosbati, prickly gooseberry, 

 is common in the rocky woods of the Northern States, and 

 accompanies the preceding species northwards to Slave Lake. 

 7?. saxosum inhabits New England, the shores of Lake Huron, 

 and the valley of the Saskatchewan, extending also probably to 

 Oregon. R. hirtellum, short-stalked wild gooseberry, the most 

 common species in New England, extends to Canada, Wisconsin, 

 and northwards to Great Slave Lake. The preceding one seems 

 to be considered by Dr. Asa Gray to be a variety of this species. 

 R. lacustre, swamp gooseberry, is common in the most northern 

 parts of the United States, and Nova Scotia ; crosses the moun- 

 tains to North California and Oregon ; and extends northwards 

 along the Mackenzie, nearly or quite to its delta. It is the 

 Tagossay-ki-eh of the Hare Indians, which name is common to 

 several kinds of gooseberry in the Dog-rib country, where 

 there is a greater variety of species. R. divarication is common 

 near Indian villages on the north-west coast, from 45° to 

 52° north hit. R. rotundifolium, Michx. (triflorum, Willd.), 

 is a rare inhabitant of the mountainous districts of Oregon, and 

 inhabits the Northern States from Massachusetts to Michigan 

 and Wisconsin, but has not been found on the north side of 

 Lakes Superior or Huron. R. rubrum, the common red 



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