64 THE MOUNTAINEER 



age are known to occur within the mountain. On the coast we have the 

 Tertiary well represented. The Eocene formation is well exposed north 

 of Lake Crescent and from tlicn westward along the Straits of Juan de Fuca. 

 It is composed of basaltic hiva and iiiterbedded tuffs and has an estimated 

 thickness of something over one thousand feet. The hard, dark igneous rock, 

 so well exposed at the bridge across the Elwha river near McDonald, is 

 prol)ably of the same age. Farther to the west and stratigraphically higher 

 in the Tertiary series we have an extensive formation composed of sand- 

 stone, conglomerates and shales, which are of Miocene age. They extend 

 from Clallam westward and make up the great bulk of Cape Flattery. The 

 estimated thickness of this formation is in the neighborhood of fifteen 

 thousand feet. At several intervals from the base to the top of the forma- 

 tion bands of conglomerate occur, composed for the most part of pebbles de- 

 rived from the various members of the metamorphosed Olympic formations. 

 Interbedded with the sandstones are shales and clays wdiich are fossiliferous. 

 In one or two small areas strata of Pliocene age are reported. 



The last deposits to be laid down are known as Pleistocene, and they 

 consist partly of marine and partly of glacial material, such as till, sand, 

 clay and gravels. On the Pacific side of the peninsula the deposits consist 

 of sand, clay and gravels of marine origin and have a thickness of over 

 one hundred and twenty-five feet. To the east of Port Angeles, on the 

 Straits of Juan de Fuca and along the arms of Puget Sound, the majority 

 of the Pleistocene deposits are probably of glacial origin. In the interior 

 and high up in the mountains are glacial deposits, but of local origin, and 

 having no connection with the glacial deposits on the coast. 



The Olympics may have been submerged during IMiocene time and at its 

 close uplifted and then the overlying Miocene rocks removed by erosion, or 

 the central portion may have been a land area during Miocene time and 

 sandstones and shales may have been laid down around its margin and then 

 uplifted at the close of IMiocence deposition. At any rate, an uplift at the 

 close of the Miocene seems evident and another one late in Pliocene time. 

 There is evidence that deformation is still in progress, as is shown by the 

 folding and tilting of Pleistocene deposits along the coast. 



A Mountaineer's Reverie 



LULIE NETTLETON 



SITTING in the rosy firelight, drowsing, dreaming there alone, 

 Banished are the cares of daytime by the thoughts of pleasures gone. 

 As the breath of rose leaves lingers, faintly sw^eet from faded flowers, 

 So my memories hover round me, in the pleasant twilight hours. 



I wander again in the forest, the Elwha sings at my feet. 



Or perchance in a mountain meadow I gather strange wild flowers sw^eet, 



Or I stand on a rocky summit and gaze on a radiant scene. 



Where in majesty and splendor Nature reigns alone supreme. 



Memory is rich in treasures that are buried deep until 

 We may need their inspiration and uncover them at will; 

 So, in the rosy firelight, I will let my thoughts nnfold 

 And fondle long buried treasures as a miser counts his gold. 



