The Mountaineer 23 



Cowlitz Glacier. 



The Cowlitz Glacier, above where Ingraham Glacier 

 joins it, expands somewhat and occupies an irregular 

 depression having something of the features of an am- 

 phitheater. The slopes at the head of the depression 

 are so sharp that the snow descends in avalanches. 



The portion of Cowlitz Glacier below Ingraham 

 Glacier is enclosed by bold cliffs and is well defined. 

 There is less evidence of shrinkage along its sides than 

 in the case of the other glaciers examined. A sharp- 

 crested lateral moraine is evidence, however, of a recent 

 lowering of the surface of at least 75 or 100 feet. 



Nisqually Glacier. 



Nisqually Glacier heads in two neve fields, which 

 occupy what may be termed incipient amphitheaters, 

 situated below the level of Gibraltar. The easterly 

 neve, the one nearest Gibraltar, however, is fed by two 

 snow streams, which endure through the summer and 

 form ice cascades on which avalanches frequently 

 occur. 



This glacier narrows to a well-defined stream to the 

 west of Paradise Park, and at its terminus there is an 

 archway from which Nisqually River rushes out. 



[Mr. Russell did not study Kautz, Wilson, Tahoma, 

 Puyallup and Edmunds Glaciers, and so no report is 

 given of these.] 



Willis {or Mowich) Glacier. 



On the northwest side of Mount Rainier and at the 

 head of the deep, narrow valley through which the 

 north branch of the Mowich River flows, is a glacier 

 known as the Willis (or Mowich). It has many of 

 the features of the primary glaciers already described, 

 but is of small size, and one may see all its character- 

 istic features in a single day's excursion. 



