December 9, 1913 die, 
row base. In three or four instances this cone was associated 
with the black jack type, but it was impossible with the time at 
my command to determine whether such was usually the case. 
All of the cones examined, both large and small, had the prickle 
pointing downward, not upcurved, as they often are on cones 
from western Nevada and adjacent California. 
PINUS ARISTATA Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 2: 205. 1863. 
The common pine of the mountains, but apparently not 
used for lumber. A few small trees are found about the saw- 
mill site at 8000 feet. At its lower limit, 8000 to 8500 feet, the 
tree is invariably found on the upper edge of a steep north slope. 
At gooo feet 1t becomes fairly plentiful on north slopes; at 9500 
feet is the predominant tree, and at roooo feet is practically the 
only tree, occurring in rather dense pure stands. Many of the 
trunks are three and four feet in diameter. At r1ooo feet it is 
still plentiful but becoming stunted, being near timberline. It 
is an attractive tree, with its close brown bark and dark green 
leaves, arranged in long, rounded, close clusters on the ends of 
the slender drooping branches. As originally figured by Enge!l- 
mann, the bristles of the cone scales are spreading or upcurved. 
This is not a constant character, for they frequently point down 
in specitnens obtained by me. They often appear to be want- 
ing, being represented by a small point on the apophyse, but 
being fragile they are easily broken off. This species was orig- 
inally found “on alpine heights, between 9,200 and 11,800 or 
12,000 feet high, on Pike’s Peak and the high mountains of the 
Snowy Range, Dr. Parry, 1861 and 1862.” 
PINUS FLEXILIS James, in Long’s Exped. 2: 35. 1823. 
Like P. aristata, and growing with it, a few small trees of 
this species are found as low as 8000 feet, but it is most plenti- 
ful and best developed between gooo and 9500 feet, a few indi- 
viduals occurring at roooo feet. Unlike 7. fonderosa and P. 
aristata, it never forms pure stands, and is found in the more 
open places on ridges, especially north slopes. Cones six inches 
long, with the cone scales prominently downcurved probably be- 
long to the variety macrocarpa Engelm. in Wheeler Expl. 6: 
