HISTORY OF HORTICULTURE IN MINNESOTA. 117 



Mr. T. yi. Smitli moved tliat Ull varieties to be uamed, be placed in the 

 hands of the committee on nomenclature. 

 Carried. 

 The following committee on nomenclature was appointed : 



P. A. Jewell, Lake City. 



J. S. Harris, La Crescent. 



P. M. Gideon, Excelsior. 



E. H. S. Dart, Owatonua. 



Truman M. Smith, St. Paul. 

 Adjourned till 1 p. m. 



AFTERNOON SESSION. 

 Called to order at 1.30. The Second topic was taken up, viz. : 



SITE FOR ORCHAKD, PLAXTCsG, MULCHING, TOIE AND METHOD OF PRUNING. 



Mr. Jewell would select a high location, whatever the subsoil, the vicissi- 

 tudes of temperature are less than low laud. On the latter the days are colder, 

 and the nights are colder. Trees always injure most on lowland; fifty or 

 one hundred feet may decide whether a man's orchard is a success or a 

 failure. Would select clayey or gravelly clay subsoil : sandy land not objec- 

 tionable, if properly treated : should be mulched not only under and close to 

 the tree, but for some distance around it, in order to prevent drying out. 

 When land dries out round the roots of a tree, the fruit grows small and is 

 liable to drop oft". Southern exposure is not objectionable if the ground is 

 high so as to secure a circulation of air, but trees should be protected. If 

 compelled to set trees in a valley, would not choose such an exposure, but 

 would choose the highest land. Northern slope no object, except that the 

 snow lies on the ground deeper and acts as a mulching ; would protect an 

 orchard by planting wiUows or evergreens around it — prefers evergreens. 

 With proper care and precaution as to mulching and protection, trees will 

 succeed almost as well on sandy as on clay soil. 



THE LEGISLATLTIE. 



[The committee on memorializing the Legislature to visit the Society while 

 in session, and inspect its fruit on exhibition, here reported that they had 

 been successful, and that a joint committee of both Houses, with the Gover- 

 nor and heads of departments will visit the Society to-morrow at noon.] 



DEBATE ON ORCHARDS RESUMED. 



Mr. Dart said there was no doubt that an elevated location is best for an 

 orchard, but it is difficult to obtain on every man's farm. When land is all 

 low, it should be underdrained ; and when this cannot be done, the ground 

 should be ridged, or the trees planted shallow, and the earth plowed up to 

 the trees. Clay subsoil that holds water like a dish, is objectionable unless 



