'THE BUD-ROT OF PALMS IN IXDIA. 229 



In the upland Taluks, besides the extension into Peddapur, 

 scattered cases have occurred along the fringe of the Eastern 

 Delta, particularly near Rajahmundry town and Anaparti and 

 Biccavole villages. A small outbreak was reported at the end of 

 1908 near Chidipi and Kumaradevam in the upland Taluk, Yer- 

 nagudem, of Kistna District, and at the end of 1909 cases were 

 found in Katavaram (Rajahmundry Taluk) on the opposite bank 

 of the river, ten or twelve miles distant from the nearest affected 

 village in Rajahmundry. This is the only case so far reported 

 of an apparently isolated centre of disease if we except the south- 

 ward extension to Masulipatam, about which details are still want- 

 ing, and it is highly probable that it is due to infection from across 

 the river. 



Except these two locahties and Masulipatam the whole of the 

 rest of the area affected by the disease is continuous and is roughly 

 circular in outhne. It is quite clear both from the observations 

 made in the field during the past four years and from information 

 gathered from the cultivators, that the spread has occurred in a 

 centrifugal manner from the locality in the Gautami Godavari first 

 infected. Naturally the flow has been more rapid along some lines 

 than others, and barriers such as the main channels of the river and 

 tracts bare of palms have checked extension in some directions 

 for a greater or less period ; on the whole, however, the onset has 

 been remarkably even and regular all round. Thus the eastern 

 limit at Peddapur is some 30 miles from Addenkivarilanka, the 

 southern in Nagaram Taluk about 24 miles, the western in Nar- 

 sapur over 20 miles and the northern at Rajahmundry about 

 25 miles. 



The rate of spread is, on an average, little over a mile a year, 

 judging from the extension that has occurred in the area as a whole. 

 In places, however, this is certainly exceeded. Thus an extension 

 of between two and three miles occurred along the canal towards 

 the sea near Kolanka, in the nineteen months from August 1905 

 to March 1907. Anaparti was the limit of the disease to the north 

 in 1905, whereas three years later it had reached to Shrikistnapatam, 



