STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 205 



from each of which arises a stiff light hair. Head and top of first 

 joint horny and of a yellowish-brown color. 



This worm folds the leaves and gnaws the green tissue from the 

 upper surface, causing tbem to turn brown and dry up, and where 

 the insect is abundant the strawberry plantations look as though 

 a fire had passed over them. 



There are two broods of this leaf-folder in a season, the second 

 of which hibernates in the larva state, protected by the folded and 

 crumpled leaves. 



Some years ago this insect was so abundant and its work so dis- 

 astrous in several of the states immediately to the south of us, as 

 to cause great discouragement to large planters, many of whom in 

 consequence abandoned the culture of the strawberry for market 

 purposes. Of late years, however, its natural enemies have kept 

 it so well in check that it seldom does serious mischief. 



The Strawberry Slugworm is the last of the strawberry pests to 

 •which I will here call attention. This is the larva of a sawfly and 

 seems to have no other food plant than the one from which it takes 

 its popular name. It occurs throughout the northern and north- 

 western states and Canada. A few specimens may be found dur- 

 ing summer in almost every strawberry bed, and occasionally it 

 multiplies to such an extent as to do great damage. It is a smooth, 

 dull, yellow worm, about two-thirds of an inch long, with a large yel- 

 low head ornamented with a few dark brown spots. Besides the six 

 true legs, there are a pair of fleshy projections under each joint of 

 the abdomen. It eats numerous round holes in the leaves, and 

 when not feeding rests in a coiled up position. It changes to pupa 

 underground and the fly appears in the following spring. Dusting 

 the plants with white hellibore or lime and ashes is the remedy 

 recommended by gardeners who have had most experience with it. 



There are two or three other beetles and several caterpillars that 

 often do some injury to the roots and leaves of the strawberry 

 plant, but as they are only occasional depredators and not in any 

 sense restricted to this plant, it is not necessary for me to dwell on 

 their characteristics in this paper. 



