STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 245 



center; draw a line from each corner to the one opposite, crossing 

 at the center stake; mark locations for the trees as follows: one 

 in each corner and one half way between the corner trees on the 

 outside lines, one in the center, and one on each of the lines meet- 

 ing at the center twelve feet from the center. This places each 

 tree twelve (12) feet from its neighbor and will ensure a distribu- 

 tion of pollen from tree to tree, no matter from which quarter the 

 prevailing winds may come. 



SELECTION OF VARIETIES. 



In a bill of one hundred trees, (a very good start to an orchard,) 

 the following apportionment would be advised, as the object to be 

 attained is fruit for family use, and desirable market sorts for the 

 surplus. 



Of the hybrid varieties it is well to plant three each of the follow 

 ing : Early Strawberry, Whitney No. 20, Conical and Orange; these 

 come into bearing very early, fruit abundantly, and the quality of 

 fruit second to none ; its only fault being a little undersized. The 

 trees are hardy and form elegant stocks for top grafting, in case it 

 become desirable to change at a later day to more promising 

 varieties, should such develop; of Tetofski, ten (10,) Duchess, ten 

 (10,) Wealthy, fifty (50,) and Minnesota, eighteen (18.) 



This selection is based upon the following: Commencing with the 

 first named, the fruit ripens in regular succession from July 25th. 

 The hybrids are for family use and will supply the demand ordina- 

 rily with the number as recommended. The Tetofski is, as a rule, 

 a late bearer: as an early harvest apple, their beauty and good 

 looks give them higher rank than is deserved. The Duchess fol- 

 low in season and should be depended upon as filling the bill for 

 green cooking apples; by judicious thinning good samiDles can be 

 obtained for market, and the quality of those remaining be consid- 

 erably improved; they at times are subject to sun-scald and to be 

 beaten from the trees by midsummer storms; ripening as they do 

 in the midst of the hurry of harvest, and being a poor keeper, it is 

 better to plant heavily of a more desirable variety, than which 

 none excels the Wealthy: fitly named indeed. It is the bright and 

 particular star in the galaxy of Minnesota favorites. Kind nature 

 put forth her best efforts when she presented the Northwest with 

 this elegant fruit, considering it from every possible stand point. 

 First, as to its nursery habits: It is a rapid, symmetrical grower, 

 with a splendid equipment of roots; from the main roots of the 

 tree a multitude of smaller roots are thrown out in all directions, 



