38 Ohio Mycological Bulletin No. lo, 



will be devoted to the cash expense involved in making the Bulletin as 

 useful as possible. The membership fee will be in 1904, as now, 10 cents, 

 and all members will receive the Bulletin as issued. A new list of mem- 

 bers will be prepared for 1904. The books are open now. 



Pamphlet. — Attention should be called to the fact that certain 

 Reports of the New York State Museum are offered for sale. For exam- 

 ple, the interesting and valuable "Report of the State Botanist for 1901," 

 by Charles H. Peck, contains (besides technical matter) popular descrip- 

 tions of eleven species of Edible Fungi accompanied by plates. This re- 

 port can be obtained for forty cents. (Report for 1902, fifty cents.) Ad- 

 dress, Director New York State Museum. Albany, N. Y. 



Gall. — A gall on a Mushroom is something out of the ordinary, ap- 

 parently never reported heretofore in mycological literature, — and yet this 

 is what is described and figured by Charles Thom in the September No. 

 of the Botanical Gazette. The gall was on the pileus of the common little 

 Om-pha-li-a cam-pan-el-la. The pileus is ordinarily less than one milli- 

 meter in thickness, or together with the gills less than three millimeters. 

 The white mass of the gall, homogeneous in section, was about eight milli- 

 meters in radial diameter, six millimeters in thickness, and twelve to fif- 

 teen millimeters in length. 



Accentuation of Names (a paragraph for Students). — In the Octo- 

 ber No. of the Journal of Mycology, Miss Ivy Kellerman explains the "ap- 

 parent dogmatism" in the matter of accentuation of compound names, and 

 possibly brief instructive transcripts may not be "all Greek" to every one. 

 She says : "There are certain Indo-European laws of accentuation which 

 are seen to be distinct from changes occurring in the individual languages. 

 One of the most general of the laws pertaining to nouns and adjectives 

 may be stated as follows : Compounds, consisting of one word dependant 

 upon another in a grammatical relation, keep the accent of the dependant 

 word for the accent of the compound as a whole. The survival of the 

 law to the present time is shown by such examples from the Teutonic 

 branch as English puff-ball, apple-tree, black-berry, or German apfel-wein, 

 sonnen-blume, blau-becre. From the Balto-Slavic branch may be adduced 

 Lithuanian vasaril-sziltis "summer warmth," and saulzhole "heliotrope," 

 and Russian ne-vidko "not to be seen." A moment's consideration will 

 show how logical this law is. The dependant word, usually an adjective, 

 or a noun in a case relation, brings a new idea or broadens the one already 

 present in the word to which it is united, and so it naturally receives the 

 greater amount of stress. The rule holds whether the dependant element 



precedes or follows the foundation word In Greek, however, 



which is of especial interest to the botanist, certain changes took place. 

 A law developed that no accent might recede farther from the end of a 

 word, either simple or compound, than the third syllable from the end. 

 This is the case if the quantity of the last syllable be short; if it is long, 

 the accent may recede only as far as the second syllable from the end. 

 It will at once be recognized that this secondary law often shifts the accent 

 of the emphatic word in a compound to a different syllable from the one 

 upon which it originally rested. For instance, myrio-stoma would in pre- 

 historic Greek have become myrio-stoma, like the Sanskrit sahasra-mukha 

 of almost the same meaning quoted above. But, in the earliest records 

 we have, Greek had already completed the shifting due to the law of re- 

 cessive accent, and therefore we find myrio-stoma. So also cary'o-.spora, 



if it had occurred in early Greek, would have been cary'o-spora 



When the foundation word is more than three syllables in length, or has 

 a long final .syllable, it is evident that the law of recessive accent must 

 withdraw the emphasis completely from the preceding dependant word. 

 An example of this is poly-ceplialum, which would have been poly'-cepha- 

 jum in prehistoric Greek, from the elements "poly'" and "cephale," which 

 naturally had to undergo such a compromise when they became united into 

 one word." 



