March, 1907] 



Mycological Bulletin No. 75 



307 



GROUP 9. 



TYLOSTOMA CAMPESTRE.— I do not feel that it is possible to 

 consider- this as other than the American form of Tylostoma granulosum. 

 I do not know of a smgle character to distmguish it. And yet on com- 

 paring collections of the American and European plants a general dif- 

 ference is usually seen. The American plant is more robust, the heads 

 are globose and firmer, the cortex peels off more freely in the American 

 plant and does not adhere to the base so strongly. While we believe we 

 could in most cases guess correctly whether a collection was American 

 or European, we would not guarantee to do it in all instances. A 

 plant that does not typically present a single marked character by which 

 it can be known is not a species. We have a few collections that grew in 

 the sand and have more slender stems with mycelial strands strongly de- 

 veloped. This we take to be Tylostoma fibrillosum, but for us it is a 

 condition not a species. A form collected by Mr. Bartholomew, Kansas, 

 is closer to the European plant in stature than to the American, and some 

 specimens have little depressions in the peridium. It was called Tylostoma 

 punctatum. 



Tylostoma campestre is the most common species in the United States 

 and the only one that is at all frequent east of the Mississippi. It is 

 most abundant in the neighborhood of the Great Lakes. 



Fig. 236. — Ty-LOs'-ro-MA berke-ley'-i-i. (C. G. Lloyd). 



TYLOSTOMA BERKELEYIL— Peridium colored, reddish brown. 

 Cortex nature of a sand case, separating usually imperfectly and much 

 more strongly adnate than the previous species. Mouth surrounded by 

 a few granular iibrils (the same as the previous plant). Stem slender. 

 dark reddish, often slightly scaly, usually strongly sulcate, striate. Gapil- 

 litium liglit colored with slightly swollen often oblique .septa. Spores 5-6 

 mic, granulose. 



This plant occurs in the southern United States, and is the species 

 referred to in American literature as Tylostoma limbriatum. surely a mis- 

 nomer for no similar plant grows in Europe. It was Berkeley I think 

 who first thus determined the American plant, and hence we name it in 

 his honor. This species corresponds to the European only in its mouth 



