1897 THE MICROSCOPE. 131 
when examined by any of the various illuminations. It is 
especially handsome when exhibited with the aid of a par- 
aboloid. This animal is the principal food of the white fish 
of the Great Lakes. 
How to see the Spores of Hypoxylon.—These plants 
belong to the pyrenomycetes and are frequently found on 
bark and rotten wood. Covering the bark will be seen 
strange growths dotted with the ostioles. No rule will 
universally apply to them. Often by lifting this papery 
or coriaceous growth, little round prominences will readily 
be seen on the under side. Place one of the latter in a 
drop of water ona slide, mash with a spatula cover and 
examine with an objective equaltoa quarter. ‘The spores 
of different species are of various shapes and sizes and 
often with markings and of every grade of coloring. The 
strange growths on the bark are stromas and the promi- 
nences on the under side are the perithecia. 
QUESTIONS ANSWERED. 
oe Se ee 
Nore.—Dr. S. G. Shangs, of Albany, N V., kindly consents to recetve al? sorts of ques- 
tions relating to microscopy, whether asked by professionals or amateurs. Persons of at 
€ ades of experience, from the beginner upward, are welcome to the benefits of this depart- 
ment. The questions are numbered jor future reference. 
ee 
Q. 253.— Who first conceived the science of bacteriology ? 
-Research through a long period of time, prior to the 
microscopic discovery of bacteria, has brought upon record 
as the originator of germ theories of disease, one Francisco 
Redi, who was born in 1626. It isalsoaninteresting thing 
to note that Aly Pasha, who was, in the beginning of this 
century, Governor of Jamaica, once remarked at that time 
of a local scientist :—‘‘Would you believe it? He pretends 
that the plague is composed of a vast number of minute 
animalcules, which would be visible through a magnifying 
glass if one could be procured of sufficient power.’’—Sci- 
ence Siftings. 
Q. 254.— What ts the address of Edward Potts ? 
A. 228 South 3d st., Philadelphia, Pa. 
