168 PR0GEES8 OF MICROSCOPICAL SCIENCE. 



Packard pointed out led him to believe that the Limulus is related to 

 the lower crustaceans, but is, like all the earlier or jialseozoic types, 

 comprehensive or synthetic, comj)rising certain features belonging to 

 higher forms, while yet holding its proper affinities with the lower 

 ones. He also confirmed the brilliant researches of A. Milne Edwards 

 upon this representative of an ancient tyjie. 



The Lymphatics of the Skin in Man and Mammalia have been splen- 

 didly explored by Herr Dr. Neumann, who has recently published a 

 most valuable work with eight chromo-lithographs on this subject. 

 His book is reviewed at length by Dr. L. A. Duhring, in the ' Phila- 

 delphia Medical Times,' from which the following account is taken : — 



" The plan adopted by Neumann for injecting the skin was a modi- 

 fication of the methods of Hyrtl and Teichmann. The epidermis and 

 the corium having been well macerated in a mixture of alcohol, acetic 

 acid, and water, a fine-pointed needle was thrust into the skin to the 

 dej)th of a line or less. Into this little hole a delicate tube was in- 

 serted, and the injection then made by means of a small brass syringe. 

 Two mixtures were used for the injection ; one being composed of a 

 carmine solution with glycerine, and the other carbonate of lead rubbed 

 uj) with glycerine." After going at length into the subject, the reviewer 

 concludes by summing up the results as follows : — 



" 1. The lymj^hatics of the skin present an enclosed tubular system, 

 with independent walls, whose interior is lined with flat epithelium. 

 These walls are nowhere interrupted by openings. There exists there- 

 fore no communication with the so-called juice- canals, or with other 

 interspaces of the skin. Neither can spaces anywhere between the 

 epithelium be noticed, not even in examples of disease where there 

 exists an enlargement of these vessels. 



" 2. The relation of the blood and lymph vessels is only constant 

 to the extent that the former are always found much nearer the surface 

 than the latter. The branches of the lymphatics, together with their 

 meshes, are found spreading themselves in the deeper tissue in all 

 directions. Nowhere, however, within a lymph-tubule could a second 

 vessel be detected ; so that there can be no ground for considering the 

 question of invagination. 



" 3. The lymi:)hatics form two close and separate networks in the 

 corium, the deeper being the more extensive of the two. Their walls 

 are markedly caj^able of extension. The more supei-ficial vessels are 

 in general thinner ; the deeper ones are thicker, and, like the first, are 

 to all appearances without valves. Only among the subcutaneous 

 vessels is it possible to demonstrate the valves plainly. 



" The larger lymphatics possess a number of branches with blind 

 endings, which are of variable calibre. The lymjih-vessels make their 

 way into the papillae of the skin, partly in the shape of single tubules, 

 and also in the form of loops. 



" 4. The aj)pcndages of the skin, as the hairs, hair-follicles, and 

 sweat-glands, possess their own lymphatic capillaries situated about 

 their periphery, but they do not enter into the follicles." 



A Medal from the JRoyal Society to Professor Allman, F.B.S. — The 

 President of the Eoyal Society in conferring the medal said that it 



