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been employed tipon sick cattle, as also sundry parts or organs wliicli come from 

 sick animals killed in slaughter-houses ; knacker's yards, trucks or carts, horses, 

 men, and implements which have been employed in the dispo:*al of sick or dead 

 animals ; wells and ponds from which diseased cattle have been drinking, or 

 into which any portion of their excretiB has had any opportunity of flowing, 

 directly or indirectly; all fodder, grass, hay, straw, cluver, &c., and particu- 

 larly remnants of fodder upon which diseased cattle have been feeding ; and, 

 in general, all persons, animals, places, buildings, and movable things which 

 have been in contact with matters proceeding from diseased cattle, or with such 

 diseased cattle themselves." 



In some of the counties of Scotland, the moving of cattle from common mar- 

 kets is prohibited. But in healthy counties the disease has suddenly broken out, 

 and a close examination of the roads has shown cattle tracks, pointing to the 

 fact that during night-time, in violation of this law, cattle had been driven from 

 infected market places. When, therefore, the neighborhood cattle were taken 

 over the road for special purposes, they contracted the disease from its atoms, 

 left by the feet, droppings, or urine of the infected animals. 



The following remarks, from an able article on the cattle plague, written by 

 Dr. William Budd, of England, and published in the London Social Science 

 Eeview, will show how readily not only the rinderpest, but cholera and other 

 diseases, may be spread through negligence in properly securing the excrement 

 of diseased animals and persons : 



■ " In a country, taking the line of the watershed, it would seem to follow that 

 these discharges must often, like those of cholera and of human typhoid, con- 

 taminate the drinking-water, which, when in form of small running streams, may, 

 in its turn, become the means of carrying the disease to distant spots. The 

 attention of continental observers does not seem to have been called to this mode 

 of transmission, but physicians here who are acquainted with the evidence col- 

 lected upon it in regard to the two human diseases just named will easily see 

 how it may often intervene in causing many unexplained outbreaks. 



" In the town dairy, on the other hand, these discharges are distributed by 

 the sewer. In certain districts of London, for many weeks past, the sewers 

 have been constantly fed by this infectious stuff". From what we know of this 

 mode of dissemination in the typhoid fever of our own species, it is more than 

 probable that effluvia from this source, finding their way through un trapped 

 drains, may carry the cattle plague to cows that have had no other contact with 

 it. Practically, the greater part of the poison cast off by the infected animal 

 takes the form of manure. This being so, all thoughtful men must be anxious 

 to know what has become of all the cattle plague manure created in London and 

 its suburbs within the last two months. If it be true, as many fear, that much 

 of it has already been taken into the country to be spread over the land, the 

 results may be disastrous indeed. I have myself reason to know that no longer 

 ago than Saturday last (August 5) a load of manure, which had undergone no 

 disinfecting process, was sent from an infected dairy to one of the canals which 

 radiate from London to be despatched into the country. It would be interesting 

 to know what has become of that precious cargo. Did it, perchance, meet any 

 droves of cattle in its way through London 1 Is it at this moment travelling in 

 some slowly moving barge, with its trail of infection behind it, to the meadows 

 of Berkshire or Bucks 1 To what manure yard next were the horse and cart 

 sent which first bore it away?" 



In tliis neglect to enforce proper sanitary measures, we will see presently 

 how wide-spread the cattle plague has become in Great Britian, and with what 



