380 



the production of wool and the manufacture of woollens. The etreama that 

 meander through our valley afford a never-failing water power upon each sec- 

 tion of land through which they pass. The foot-hills and mountain sides are 

 the natural pasture grounds for numerous flocks of sheep which are fast being 

 brought into the country. A vast amount of untillable land is well adapted to 

 the rearing of cattle, horses, and mules, and for all these there is a good de- 

 mand." 



He claims a sufficient quantity of arable land to meet the wants of a large 

 manufacturing population, and deplores the present necessity for the double tax 

 in exporting the raw material and importing manufactured fabrics. There is 

 timber within a few miles. The valley extends into Oregon, of which portion 

 the products are identical with the settlements in Washington, and about one- 

 fifth as much in amount. The following statistics of Walla- Walla county are 

 given : 



Taxable property Si, 883, 174 



Total population 3, 334 



Legal voters 1 , 050 



Number of horses 2, 748 



Number of mules ... 1,098 



Number of cattle 7, 089 



Number of sheep 7, 819 



Number of hogs 4, 37T 



Acres under corn 3,291 



Acres imder wheat 9, 573 



Acres under oats 4, 026 



Acres under barley 1, 034 



There is no rain from June 20 to September 1. Irrigation is not deemed 

 necessary for field crops, and is rarely employed for gardens. 



Montana Territory. — A correspondent writing from Helena City gives a 

 lively picture of the Territory — its physical features, agricultural products, mine- 

 ral wealth, &c. It lies between the 111th and 104th degrees west longitude, 

 and the 49th and 44th degrees north latitude. It presents an infinite diversity 

 of scenery, about two-thirds being mountainous. Nearly the whole western 

 and part of the southern boundary are formed by the Bitter Root river, and 

 by the Eocky mountains, from which descend innumerable streams at intervals 

 of unsurpassed richness and beauty. Large rivers, clear lakes, high mountains, 

 and stretches of fertile plain, often covered with luxuriant growths, constantly 

 alternate as the traveller proceeds. While the mountains are rich in gold and 

 silver, the bottoms along the streams afi'ord a soil of unusual fertility. Sulphur 

 springs, both hot and cold, abound. Craters of extinct volcanoes, and moun- 

 tain sides covered with lava, are frequent. Organic remains of both plants and 

 animals are often beneath the surface, presenting in species now extinct a rare 

 field of research- The natural productions of the Territory may almost be said 

 to embrace those plants and cereals which are grown in less favored regions by 

 cultivation alone. Wheat grows luxuriantly and yields abundantly. The sea- 

 son is too short for Indian corn. Potatoes and other vegetables yield in pro- 

 fusion. Hay is made in great quantities, and sells at from §50 to SlOO per ton. 

 The climate is peculiar, being in the Bitter Root valley, latitude 46 degrees 

 north, the same as on the Atlantic coast in latitude 40 degrees. Although the 

 temperature is generally even, short periods of intense cold sometimes occur. 



The po.pulation now equals 30,000 souls. According to the census returns 

 for 1865, Gallatin county has a population of 2,000, with 15,000 acres iinder 

 cultivation, yielding last year 20,000 bushels of wheat, 5,000 bushels of oats, 

 15,000 bushels of potatoes, and 8153,000 in gold. Edgerton county, popula- 

 tion 8,000, gave $5,000,000 for the year. Madison county gives, with a popix- 



