PROGRESS OF MICROSCOPICAL SOIENCE. 303 
inside of a large cucumber. This was the first time he had heard of 
one of these worms haying been found in a vegetable. It had all the 
characteristics of a true tape-worm, but belonged apparently to an 
unknown species. The ovaries, containing round yellow eggs, were 
confined to the anterior extremity of the segment. [The ova of the 
mature worm may have been deposited in the manure with which 
these plants are so freely surrounded, and it is remotely possible that 
some one of them may have got in through some crevice in the plant, 
and may then have begun its development as though it had got into 
a mammal’s stomach, It is certainly difficult to understand. | 
The Structure of the Brachiopoda.—This is very well given in a 
series of papers in the April and May numbers of the ‘ Geological 
Magazine, by our most distinguished Brachiopodist, Mr. Thomas 
Davidson, F.R.S. King’s, Hancock’s, Owen’s, Morse’s, Gratiolet’s, 
and Deslongchamps’ views are fully discussed by the author. 
Carboniferous and Permian Foraminifera.—The volume of the 
Monographs of the Paleontographical Society for 1876 contains an 
important essay by H. B. Brady, entitled “A Monograph of Car- 
boniferous and Permian Foraminifera,’ the genus Fusulina being 
excepted. This has been well reviewed by a most distinguished 
Foraminifer authority, Professor T. R. Jones, F.R.S., in the 
May number of the ‘Geological Magazine. We give here the 
portion of interest to the microscopist :—‘ The ‘ Zoological Con- 
siderations,’ of especial interest to the Rhizopodist, comprise a critical 
review of von Reuss’ and Carpenter's classifications of Foraminifera, 
and a general comparison of the generic forms known in the Car- 
boniferous strata with those now living. The conclusions arrived at 
are—l,. The prevalent forms (except Fusulina) in the Carboniferous 
and Permian limestones do not belong strictly to either of the two 
sub-orders (Imperforata and Perforata) into which Foraminifera have 
been divided, but to intermediate types (especially Trochammina, 
Valeulina, Endothyra, Nodosinella, and Stacheia), neither invariably 
arenaceous nor uniformly perforate in their shell-texture. 2. In the 
modifications of these primitive intermediate types there are some 
varieties conspicuously sandy and imperforate, others essentially 
hyaline and porous; and these varietal peculiarities seem to have 
been transmitted as permanent characters, thereby originating the 
two parallel isomorphic series. 38. The porcellanous imperforate 
group (Miliolida) is of later creation, judging from negative evidence. 
4, The Permian Rhizopod-fauna is much more limited than the Car- 
boniferous, being confined to five generic types (Trochammina, Nodo- 
sinella, Nodosaria, Textularia, and Fusulina), representing, however, 
at least four distinct families of Foraminifera, which in the Car- 
boniferous rocks are represented by fifteen genera.” More than 
twenty genera and many species are described and figured, and after 
naming them in their order, Professor Jones concludes as follows :— 
“The exposition of the structure of Valvulina and Endothyra and their 
interesting subarenaceous allies, already noticed, and the discovery of 
the Rotaline (Truncatulina, Pulvinulina, Calcarina), and of the Num- 
