Ostracodous and Phyllopodous Tribes. 75 



CypreUa, another of these interesting Lower Carboniferous 

 genera, is a very near ally, but distinguished by its usually more 

 tapering shape, and especially its annulate ornament. Among the 

 few species and varieties known, we have either a long or a short 

 ovate outline, apiculate behind, notched and beaked in front. The 

 valves are transversely ringed with slight furrows and step-like 

 rings, like the annulated body of a chrysalis. This annulate 

 sculpture covers either the hinder moiety only, or the whole of 

 the carapace. In Plate LXI., Fig. 10, vol. iv., is figured C. sub- 

 annulata, which is probably, however, only a local variety of 

 C. chrysalidea, De Koninck. 



Of the fossil Cypridinella, CyprideUina, Cypridella, and 

 CypreUa, we of course know nothing as to their soft parts, which 

 probably differed very much among themselves and from those of 

 Cypridina ; and we have no recent carapace at all closely repre- 

 senting those extinct forms, which, however, both by general and 

 special features, claim alliance with the Oypridinadie. There are, 

 however, some fossil carapace-valves which so well correspond with 

 certain recent specimens, that we have little or no hesitation in 

 referring them to known genera. Thus, Dr. Eankin, of Carluke, 

 has found in the Carboniferous strata of his neighbourhood a small 

 ironstone nodule containing some well-preserved shells curiously 

 Hke the carapace of Bradycinetus Macandrei (Cypridina, Baird), 

 both as to the general shape and the form of the beak. We call 

 this species B. Banhijiianus. 



So also in the Carboniferous Limestone of Cork, Ireland, Mr. 

 Joseph Wright has met with some little valves so nearly resem- 

 bling those of the male Philomedes interpuncta, that we refer them 

 to that genus, dedicating the species to the memory of the eminent 

 British entomostracist, the late Dr. Wm. Baird. In the Silurian 

 beds of the Pentland Hills a Cypridina-like fossil has been found, 

 but is not fully described yet; and another in the old quartzite 

 pebbles of Budleigh-Salterton. 



Another step among the relics of past life, preserved in the 

 Palaeozoic rocks, leads us to other allies of Cypridina, in which the 

 carapace was often large, subglobose, or nearly quadrate, and the 

 front edge of each valve was indented at the upper third, leaving a 

 slight beak, and making a long, shallow sinus or depressed area 

 down more or less of the front of the carapace. In Entomoconclius 

 of M'Coy this sinus had a narrow, vertical gape under the little 

 projecting angle, and a smaller gape lower down, or antero-ventral. 

 Two other species, also from the Mountain Limestone, are known. 

 In Offa the sinus is simpler and the gape smaller still. The former 

 genus has supplied some bedded masses of valves to the Carboni- 

 ferous Limestone of Yorkshire and Ireland. The latter is rare in 

 the same limestone at Cork. 



