VEGETABLE GARDEN IN MARCH AND APRIL. 103 



There are other vegetables that may be raised at this time, but 

 I mention a few only that every one should raise for home use who 

 has a plot of ground for a garden, 



Mr. C. F. Gardner (Iowa) : What do you recommend, fall or 

 spring plowing? 



Mr. Baillif: I usually have the best success when I plow my 

 ground in the fall. Here in Minnesota we have to do the work in 

 the fall because the ground is usually frozen in March when we 

 have to begin. 



Mr. Yahnke : Do you sow winter spinach ? 



Mr. Baillif : Yes, that is the best time. 



Mr. Yahnke: What variety? 



Mr. Baillif: I usually sow a variety that a good gardener 

 would recommend for a winter variety. 



Mr. Yahnke: Do you ever grow your onion sets? 



Mr. Baillif: I have grown the Egyptian because they are the 

 earliest. They will grow as soon as the ground is thawed at all. 

 They are perfectly hardy, and freezing will not hurt them whatever. 



Mr. H. J. Baldwin : My experience in the matter of preparing 

 the soil for early vegetables is that it pays to plow in the fall and 

 again in the spring. If a man has a fine dressing or compost he can 

 put on in the fall or winter after plowing and will then plow it 

 again in the spring, he will find it a paying piece of work. It puts 

 the land in nice shape for early work. 



Mr. Hamlin V. Poore : In regard to fall plowing, I wish to 

 say that I have never seen land plowed late in the fall that was 

 bothered with cut worms in the spring. It leaves no place for them 

 to harbor and kills them all out by spring. 



The President: That is a very important thing, indeed. 



Mr. Brackett: I find that late fall plowing will hold moisture 

 better than land plowed in the spring. 



Mr. J. A. Shephard : I always plow in the fall, and after the 

 plow I run the sub-soiler. I find the next spring I have plenty of 

 moisture. If it is a wet season the sub-soiler helps the drainage, 

 and I think if every one would plow the land in the fall and let a 

 sub-soiler follow the plow they would have no trouble either with 

 drought or with too much moisture. My soil is a clay soil. 



Mr. S. D. Richardson : I want to say that I live in southern 

 Minnesota, and we do not need a sub-soil plow ; Jack Frost is all 

 we need, and we usually get plenty of his assistance. If we plow 

 in the fall we cannot plow in the spring, because the plow will not 

 scour. We might drag it, but we cannot plow it for that reason. 

 We do not do any spring plowing where we plow in the fall. 



Mr. Elliot : I would like to know what use there is in plowing 

 in the spring where you plow in the fall. 



