ANNUAL MEETING, I9O5, S. DAK. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. IO5 



J. H. Musser, Huron, has an everbearing raspberry that is hardy 

 without any protection. Picked fruit from June 25th to September 

 27th. Fruit was large, juicy and red. 



The subject of "Orchard Management" produced considerable 

 discussion. Those who have had good success recommend thor- 

 ough cultivation, and where the rainfall is not sufficient it will be 

 necessary to irrigate. 



On the question of windbreak for the ofchard there was con- 

 siderable difference of opinion as to what it should be composed of. 

 The largest growers seemed to favor the planting of more apple 

 trees around the orchard. The varieties recommended for general 

 planting throughout the state were the same as the Minnesota Horti- 

 cultural Society recommends for commercial planting. 



The rabbit seemed to be a very important fellow in the orchard. 

 Some kept him out of mischief by planting corn between the rows 

 and leaving it for him to feed on. Others scattered oats through 

 the orchard for the same purpose, claiming that if he was well fed 

 he would not hurt the fruit trees. P. F. Bentz washed his trees 

 with a mixture of lime, sulphur and cayenne pepper, which took 

 Mr. Rabbit's appetite for apple tree bark away, and he would leave 

 the tree with disgust. Same wash was recommended for field mice. 



Mr. E. D. Cowles, of Vermillion, read an excellent paper on 

 "Annual Flowers." His five favorites were Petunias, California 

 Poppy, Drummondi and Nina Phlox and Bachelor's Button, Imper- 

 ial. In foliage plants he would especially recommend Kotchia, a plant 

 resembling a tumbling weed in form, but having beautiful coloring. 

 Also the Castor bean, a plant having leaves that grow to be three or 

 four feet across, giving it a tropical effect. It would look well 

 used as a screen. 



In propagating apple trees Mr. Geo. C. Whiting doesn't allow 

 any side branches until the third year. He found that they would 

 make a better top having a strong central shoot with branches set 

 evenly around the main stem, and not forming any crotches. 



Mr. Bentz mulched alternate rows of. one year old apple grafts 

 in March, after severe freezing was over. The rows left un- 

 mulched almost entirely killed, while what were mulched were al- 

 most a perfect stand. Does not this prove that it was the too rapid 

 thawing, or the thawing and freezing in the spring that killed the 

 trees, and not the cold weather in the winter? 



Mr. Cowles stated that a certain nursery makes a practice of 



