1 86 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



when he showed me the apples, and he recommended spraying 

 the buds, and especially recommended what Prof. Washburn rec- 

 ommends, spraying with arsenic, and he practiced it up to the time 

 of his death, Mr. Dartt was one of the first to raise the subject 

 in this state. Prof. Washburn spoke about spraying plums. I 

 frankly confess that I have tried the spraying of plums a good many 

 times, but I never yet have done it when I at all felt sure that it 

 would do any good. It is almost sure tO' burn the foliage ; it has 

 occurred time and time again, and I have always had trouble. 



Prof. F. L. Washburn : If Arsenate of lead is used there will be 

 no trouble about burning. It is rapidly taking the place of Paris 

 green and is used very much in the east. 



Prof. Green : Does not the apple curculio' produce the same 

 results in the apple as the plum curculio? 



Prof. Washburn : No, it does not ; the apple curculio can always 

 be recognized by the puncture in the apple. 



Prof. Green : Well, I was speaking about Mr. Dartt's apples. 



Prof. Washburn : It was probably plum curculio. I remem- 

 ber the facts very well. I think I called there in company with 

 our president. 



Mr. O. M. Lord: Mr. Kerr, of Benton, Md., told me he had 

 sprayed his plums three times during the summer with the pur- 

 pose in view of keeping away the insects and protecting the fruit, 

 and he could see no benefit at all. He used Bordeaux mixture. 



The President: Does he use a poison with it? 



Mr. Lord : Yes, he uses Paris green with it. 



Prof. Washburn: Spraying is misjudged frequently. The re- 

 sults are often disappointing to a man because he does not follow 

 the right directions. Perhaps he has not got his liquid in the 

 right condition, or he may have sprayed at the wrong time. There 

 are a good many things to be thought of and considered in con- 

 nection with spraying. 



Prof. Green: All I know about it is that Mr. Dartt tried it 

 with excellent results. 



Mr. C. W. Spickerman: What do you think of London purple? 



Prof. Washburn: It is very little used for this reason, that it 

 remains longer in the water without liquifying, and the amount of 

 arsenic is very variable. That is what you are after. A certain 

 per cent of arsenic in good Paris green is always present, and 

 there is not so much variation ; so you do not use too much. 



Prof. Hansen : It would be well to emphasize the fact that 

 there has been so much objection to Paris green of late years. I 

 find there is so much adulteration of Paris green that the old 

 formula will not work at all. That is where we find the Ethiopian 

 in the wood pile ; we do not know what we are using in many cases. 



Mr. J. W. Merritt : What do you think of spraying before the 

 leaves start? 



Prof. Washburn : I should not spray for plum curculio before 

 the leaves are out. 



Mr. Merritt : I spray my plum trees — three or four hundred 

 of them — before the leaves start, and I do not spray them after- 

 ward, and I have never had finer plums than I had this year. 



