244 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Mr. Schutz : When you first turn in the hogs they do, but as 

 soon as I put in a Httle salt and ashes where they can get at it they 

 never gnaw a tree. 



Mr. Husser: If a man has an orchard on a side hill and the 

 orchard is not in a position to cultivate, but the trees are taken care 

 of by properly hoeing around them, and the rest is in grass, would 

 you advise keeping hogs in during the season to keep down the 

 grass ? 



Mr. Schutz : I would not keep hogs in during the gathering 

 season, because they can pick apples faster than you can, but other- 

 wise I would advise keeping hogs in the orchard as long as it is 

 practicable to do so. 



Mr. Husser: You say you cultivate the trees and then cover 

 the roots with earth, then you manure and then cover with earth 

 once more. 



Mr. Schutz: I had 350 trees, and I tried to get help tc plant 

 them, but I found I had to plant those trees myself. So I simply 

 staked out the rows and plowed a furrow where I wanted the rows 

 with a sixteen-inch plow. I set that plow as deep as I could and 

 plowed a furrow one way, and turned right back and let the near 

 horse go in the furrow, and in that way I plowed a deep dead fur- 

 row, and where each tree was to be planted my boy went along 

 with a five-tined fork and make the furrow deeper. I put my tree 

 in that dead furrow and pressed the surface soil on the roots and 

 tramped it enough to get the tree to stand up in the hole, then I 

 put in some manure that the boy brought from the hog yard. I 

 found no bad results as to injuring the roots of those trees. Then 

 I turned about and plowed in, the boy driving the horses, while I 

 held the plow. I filled that dead furrow from both sides and cross 

 harrowed it, and the 350 trees were all planted by my son and 

 myself, with the manure thrown in, in eight and a half hours, and 

 we got home in time for supper. When I transplanted those trees 

 a little later (they had come directly from the nursery) I found 

 they had even a better and finer root system than those little trees 

 shown us here yesterday. It w^as because of the condition of the 

 ground being very rich. 



Mr. Husser : I am a beginner in planting young trees, but for 

 old trees I would like to hear a suggestion as to how they should be 

 fertilized so that the best results may be obtained. I had only a 

 few trees on my place. They were almost dead from blight, and 

 I was intending* to cut them out, but my wife wanted me to trim 

 them and take good care of them. So I made a trench like they do 

 in the old country, about eight feet away from the trunk, until I 

 reached the roots, and I put in a barrel of liquid manure. That 

 revived the trees so wonderfully in two years that no one would 

 have thought they were the same trees. 



Mr. Schutz : When you enrich the soil you feed the tree. 



Mr. Husser : I believe that feeding the tree is the best preventa- 

 tive for blight. 



