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mise of 1866, the industrial movement has greatly progressed. The later 
yields have enabled Hungary to increase her demand for the manufac- 
tures of Europe, and to give the first impulse to her own wool industry. 
Manufactories established at Pesth—YLwo manufactories, placed in 
operation in 1869, present a special interest; of these one has for its 
principal aim to favor the exportation of wool by reducing its expense 
of transportation ; the other is a real industrial establishment present- 
ing a solid interest by its excellent installation,the goodness of its fabrics, 
and the financial results already achieved. 
The first is known under the name of the Wollwasch-Fabrik. lt re- 
ceives wool in grease directly from producers, which it sorts, washes, 
and sells on account of the proprietors,charging a certain price for hand- 
ling and small commission. It is at once an industrial and a commer- 
cial house. This combination reduces the expense of transport 70 per 
cent. The Wollwasch Fabrik can wash 1,300,000 kilograms of wools 
per annum. Unfortunately ouly wools of medium quality can be 
economically subjected to this mechanical washing; the alkalies employed 
in washing and the mechanical processes to some extent knot and felt 
the fiber. 
The second, known as the Erste Ungarische Kammgarn-Spinnerei Ge- 
sellschaft, is a complete establishment, embracing apparatus for washing, 
carding, combing, spinning, twisting and even a dye-works which can 
color the most diverse shades, to the extent of 1,000 kilograms of 
yarn per day. A weaving-factory has been added, which already con- 
tains fifty cashmere looms. A capital of 600,000 florins, (about $300,000, ) 
divided into 3,000 shares of 200 florins ($100) each, under the skillful and 
conscientious direction of a Frenchman, M. Emile Lepaulle, an old pupil 
of the Ecole des arts et des métiers, of Chalons, is sufficient for all the 
purposes of purchase of ground,construction,and installation. With the 
exceptions of the motive-powers and the transmissions of movements, all 
the apparatus, assortments of cards, automatic spinning-jennies, appa- 
ratus for combing, apparatus for twisting, came from the factories of the 
best French constructors, MM. Nicholas Schlumberger, Stehelin & Co., 
Mord, and others. Theloomsare of the system of Hodgson, of Bradford, 
England. The manufactory contains 12,000 spindles, of which 2,000 are 
adapted to the long wools of Cigaja and of Wallachia, and 1,000 to merino 
wools. It works up 560,000 kilograms of wools, produces 260,000 
kilograms of yarns, which are sold almost entirely in the country. 
In six months of fabrication the Kammgarn-Spinnerei realized a profit 
of 25 per cent. upon its capital. These profits are to be converted into 
capital in order to extend the industry. The labor of the factory is ex- 
clusively Hungarian, with the exception of the foremen, who have all 
been drawn from the factories of Alsace. The establishment employs one 
hundred and fifty workmen and two hundred and fifty women, who work 
by the piece. The men earn from 2 franes 75 centimes to 6 franes 50 cen- 
times, and the women from 1 franc 50 centimes to 3 francs per day of 
twelve hours. The raw material employed has a value of 5 to 6 frances per 
kilogram for merino, and from 4 to 5 franes for Cigajo. The products 
fabricated of merino are worth 11 franes per kilogram; the other is 
estimated at 8 francs 30 centimes. The wool is not subject to any im- 
port-duties in Hungary, while manufactures analogous to those of the 
Kammgarn-Spinnerei are protected by a duty of 8 florins (20 frances or $4) 
per hundred kilograms. Already the Kammgarn-Spinnerei is not equal to 
local wants; the increase of wealth in Hungary will certainly bring about 
a greater consuinption of this product purchased almost exclusively by 
the middle and wealthy classes. Ultimately the importance of the market 
for raw material, commercial relations and media of communication, daily 
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