193 
augmenting, will, some day, permit the Hungarians to seek connections 
with the Danubian provinces, and perhaps to extend them even as 
. far as Constantinople. < 
FACTS FROM VARIOUS SOURCES. 
‘LARGE PROFITS FROM SMALL FARMS.—We have received from the 
corresponding secretary of the Farmers’ Clab at Farmingdale, Queens 
County, New York, a copy of a paper read before it by its president, 
J. W. DeLee Ree, the design of which is to show “how a living is made 
on a twenty-acre farm on Long Island.” The steps by which the con- 
clusion is reached are here given in a condensed form. It being pre- 
mised that small farms prevail on the island, thirty acres being consid- 
ered enough for a farmer to carry on, with the help of one or two boys, 
and that the larger farms prove to be less profitable than the smaller 
in proportion to the acreage, it is represented that ordinarily farms of 
twenty acres, in the central part of the Island, thirty to forty miles from 
New York, are worked in the manner and with the results following. 
When practicable, such a farm is divided into seven parts, six of which 
are three-acre lots for tillage, and the seventh is occupied with the 
buildings, poultry yard, kitchen-garden, and an orchard of about one 
hundred and fifty apple and pear trees. Other fruit-trees,, such as 
cherry, are planted by the road-side, and so answer the triple purpose 
of ornament, shade, and fruit. Grass being the great desideratum, a 
good farmer does not rest satisfied until he makes his fields yield at the 
rate of two tons to the acre the first year, without much shrinkage for 
the next two years. With this view rotation is practiced, and usually 
@ six-year course, in the following order. The first’ year, ecrn is 
planted on sod ground, with manure in the hill; the second roots, suffi- 
ciently manured to be followed by wheat the third, and by grass the 
three succeeding. Half the eighteen acres is thus kept in grass, three 
being broken up each spring, and three seeded down each fall. But, if 
one acre is planted with (say early rose) potatoes, they can be harvested 
in season to sow the same by the first of August ‘with turnips, yielding 
four hundred to six hundred bushels. If the farm contains twenty-three 
acres, another lot and another year is added, corn being planted two 
years in succession; if twenty-six acres, grass-seed is sown when the 
corn receives its last dressing the second year; the field is grazed one 
year, then roots, wheat, and grass follow. Onatwenty-acre farm, tilled 
as above described, the crops, well cared for, will average about as 
follows: three acres of corn, 55 bushels per acre, at 90 cents per bushel, 
$148.50; three acres of potatoes, (or an equivalent in roots,) 200 bushels 
per acre, at 65 cents per bushel, $390; three acres of wheat, 25 bushels 
per acre, at $1.75 per bushel, $131.25; nine acres of grass, 12 tons per 
acre, at $20 per ton, $300; profit on two hundred hens kept for eggs, 
$1.50 each, $300; on_two cows, $75 each, $150; on orchard, $2 per 
tree, $300; total, $1,719.75. Outgoes: for board of team, at $1 per 
day, $365; for manure purchased, $200; interest on farm aud buildings, 
valued at $3,000, and stock and tools, valued at $1,000, at 7 per cent., 
$280; taxes, $20; total, $865. This deducted from $1,719.75 leaves a 
net profit of $854.75. Add to this the profits from the garden, the 
bees; the pigs, &c., and it will give a clear income of about $18 per week 
the year round. ‘That is, the judicious and industrious cultivator of a 
twenty-acre farm receives a salary equal to that of a first-class me- 
chanic, besides the advantages of outdoor instead of indoor labor, of 
great variety instead of monotonous uniformity in his work, and espe- 
