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where the mental and moral education of any coiisiderable portion of 
the population is long neglected, and one which does not exist to such 
an extent as to be a serious hinderance to diversified agriculture and the 
plenty and happiness it brings in any section where free schools and 
churches, within the reach of ail, have been in operation long enough 
to produce their legitimate effects. 
AGRICULTURAL REPORTS OF ODESSA,—During 1572 the agricultural 
reports of Odessa, Russia, embraced 3,838,000 tschetwerts* of wheat; 
363,600 of rye; 57,800 of maize; 315,250 of barley; 46,000 of oats; 
13,050 of peas; 151,800 of linseed; 115,500 of rape and other seeds; 
130,500 pouds of flour; 334,100 of wool; 40,600 of tallow. Compared 
with 1871, the wheat exports show an increase of 40,000 tschetwerts; peas, 
linseed, and other seeds also increase their aggregates. Rye, maize, 
barley, and oats, however, fell off heavily, especially maize, which indi- 
cates a loss of 358,200 tschetwerts. Flour exports more than doubled, 
while wool and tallow show very large increments. During the year 
541 sail-vessels and 504 steamers cleared from the port with freight. 
The sail-vessels have declined in number from 996 in 1870 and 797 in 
1871. The steamers, on the contrary, enlarged from 300 in 1870, and 
425 in 1871. Of the sail-vessels, the larger number—191—were Italian ; 
of the steamers, the greater number—270—were English. Only 41 sail- 
vessels and 120 steamers were Russian. 
FARM STOCK AND PRODUCTS IN NEW MExIco.—An occasional cor- 
respondent, writing from Colfax County, New Mexico, January 25, 1873, 
gives some agricultural information gained through his own observation 
and experience during a year’s residence. he winter of 1871-72 was 
considered a very severe one. All kinds of stock, except those housed 
-and fed, which were few and far between, suffered greatly. In April it 
seemed as though all would die, but, though cold and hunger had con- 
sumed everything except “‘ skin and bones,” the most of them survived. 
The hard winter was followed by a drought which continued till late in 
the summer; but then, in consequence of frequent and abundant rains, 
grass became plentiful and luxuriant, and in the fall cattle had become 
so fat that it would do one good to look at them. This winter, thus far, 
there has been little wind, no snow, and generally mild and pleasant 
weather, very different from the severely’ cold weather which has pre- 
vailed in the States and in the Territories north. Our correspondent 
resides on high land near the Montezuma and Aztec mines, and in that 
neighborhood cattle are wintering well, steers and barren cows being 
still fat enough for good beef. Cattle and sheep in the lower valleys 
are also now in fine condition. But, as few stock-raisers make any pro- 
visien for sheltering or feeding their flocks and herds, should the latter 
part of the winter bring snow-storms and cold, high winds, if they do not 
perish, they will again come out in the spring reduced to “‘skin and bones. 
The writer houses his milch-cows and feeds them on Hungarian hay 
at night, letting them run out in the day-time. . For his other stock he 
has built stables and sheds as shelters in time of storms and cold winds, 
and in spells of severe cold he feeds them on oat-straw. Thus protected 
from suffering, he is confident they will come out in spring almost as fat 
and sleek as they were in the autumn. { 
As to the state and style of agricultural industry, he represents that 
you have but to think of its condition in Mexico one or two hundred 
years ago, and you get a pretty correct idea of what it is now in New 
Mexico. Nevertheless, as one bushel of grain will go about as far there 
in feeding stock as three will in the States, and as corn and oats are 
* A tschetwert is 5.95205 bushels. 
