287 
most the only channel through which those who want land for the pur- 
_ pose of tilling it themselves can reach the ear of national legislation. 
/ 
FARMING IN CALIFORNIA.—-Our correspondent in San Joaquin 
County reports that in that section sheep-husbandry is the most profit- 
able of all branches of agriculture. The wool will pay all expenses, 
two clips being obtained annually, each averaging from 2 to 7 pounds 
per head. The annual increase, which is from 70 to 100 per cent., is 
left for net profit. Stock-raising ranges next to sheep- -husbandry i in 
profit, or at least may be made to do so. Ona ranch of 1,600 acres he 
keeps from 80 to 100 head of cattle. While his grain is growing they 
are confined in pasture. After that is harvested they run at large on 
the wheat and barley stubble till November. Then they are put in the 
dry pasture in which the straw has been housed, and on that they 
thrive until the rain brings grass again. With this treatment they are 
‘‘ good beef the year round.’ He adds, however, that ‘‘ not one farmer 
in twenty-five pursues this course.” On the adobe-land wheat-raising 
is very profitable. He has known wheat to be grown on such soil for 
twenty years in succession, without any apparent decrease of productive- 
ness. ‘The land is never plowed more than four, and more frequently 
not more than two, inches deep. The wheat is sown broadcast and 
harrowed in. He states that the raising of pork in California has been 
superseded by the introduction of pork raised in Missouri and Iowa 
over the Central and Union Pacific Railroads. 
AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENTS AMONG THE INDIANS.—Under “the 
President’s Indian policy,” a superintendent and subagents, nominated 
at his request by the Society of Friends in the United States, were ap- 
pointed over what are designated “the Indians of the Central Superin- 
tendency, under the care of Friends.” The general agent of the execu- 
tive committee of Friends on Indian affairs located at Lawrence, 
Kansas, makes a report covering the time of the Presidents first official 
term. It includes the condensed statistics, for the years 1868 and 1872, 
of the Kickapoos, Kaws, Osages, Quapaws, Peorias, Ottawas, Wyan- 
dotts, Senecas, Sacs and Foxes, Absentee Shawnees, Chippewas and 
Munsees, Cheyennes, Arapahoes, Wichitas, Keechies, Caddoes, Lonies, 
Kiowas, and Comanches. The following table indicates the industrial 
and general progress of these Indians for the years specified : 
1868. 1872. 
Quantities.| Values. Quantities.| Values. 
Bopulation . «ep ssteaiied ncaittrejeiad e 16,208) sae ewae'a-/e VW, OST) 2 as spss ae 
Number of schools ..........-..-. 7 ah Pe ae eae 1 7: 0 eae f 
Number of pupils .-- 2222225 120. LOS || 2 eee tae 24 ey Rear - 
Acres: cultivated ..+. 5.26. .. 42.3 3,220 pte kee aaeze. WOM Nise ee 
Bushels of wheat raised ........- 633 $1, 135 3, 247 $3, 957 
Inashels of corm). =.< 2225 Ssa6 Bese 31, 700 24, 000 214, 190 106, 998 
Peeeia Ot 0765... 214.00, eee... 2 co ain 9, 243 | 3, 680 
Bushels potatoes .........-...... 1,770 1,770 15, 201 7,414 
Gener erouables .. << oie ascabedigecss- .--+--|<sse cme ae 7, 355 
HouB eLonay ee 5.4 SS, 750 3, 590 5, 584 30, 870 
Number of horses owned......-.- 17, 924 702, 250 42, 920 1, 577, 571 
Number of cattle owned ..--..--- 640 15, 200 6, 604 103, 804 
Number of hogs owned.-..-.. --..- 1, 074 3, 238 10, 730 30, 227 
Rota values. 2228 See eee. oe A OCs actatclet mea mee 1, 871, 876 
