494 
“«by auction as they stood upon the land, the purchaser reaping, cart- 
ing, and thrashing, and taking away both corn and straw.” This prac- 
tice appears to have been accepted cautiously, and obviously with some 
doubt as to results. In the first year, 1862, he fattened 68 oxen, but 
deciding upon making a radical departure, he kept but one cow in 1863 ; 
in 1864 all crops were sold from the farm; in 1865 he so far relapsed as 
to fatten 14 bullocks, but has since utterly discarded horned-stock, as 
well as sheep and pigs, and reducing his stock of working horses.from 
10 to 6. The horse-hoeing, both for cultivation and ~ destruction of 
weeds, “which is always done once, sometimes twice, is performed by 
horse-power. During the era of deepening the soil, from three or four 
to eight or nine inches, with sub-soiling to fifteen, fertilizers were not 
applied very liberally. Since that time their annual cost has been 50 
shillings, or $12.50 gold per acre for the entire farm area. The varieties 
used are super-phosphates, ground bone, guano, and nitrates, the two 
former mainly. The bone is ground very fine and mixed with super- 
phosphates, the whole mass moistened with water and allowed to re- 
main for several months before using. The cost in detail has been as 
follows, (discarding fractions:) Purchased from 1861 to 1865 to the 
value of £640; in 1866, £434; 1867, £529; 1868, £1,473; 1869, £1,282 ; 
1870, £1,551; 1871, £1, 030. 
As home-fertilizers were discarded, so also, finding wheat the most 
profitable crop, he ventured to disregard rotation more and more, until 
now the wheat area is more than 300 acres. He regards less than 40 
bushels per acre a poor crop, and claims to have once obtained 65 
bushels per acre. That whatever of system or want of system may be 
shown plainly, the alternation of crops actually practiced is here given 
in some of the larger fields: 
CROSSFIELDS, (1.) 
Acres Acres 
b862. Spring-beans..-.-.-i---..'.-..-:.8l) Tares and. oats....... -..... -oe-= eee 
Bebo. wy heats sort enee er eee kl oe SOW) OBtS. 2b ac cleccc eves cehcs eee ee eee 25 
Peb4-UPlallow telcos. olka Sole 57 
SGV Gaib kere cee ohn oat Sal ae AQ Swedes... .<..2— gees een hee eee 8 
MBOGMIDATIOY | Lott cstcecwece ee eee 57 
PSOE AMLOW Go ow owe cone ole bene eee 310) QU er a ee ee 18 
MSO MVM OAL. s ccvece acicecele ticeeeiee coe 57 
MSO OsR SAMO) Oi ccin oe dace ee ee cme AQ Wucerne, (2... .-oicce cece eee eee eee 8 
PSVO MS ATTOIN: Sele ocice pose eee ee ee AQ) Tmcerme 232.2 <2 32.356 see eee 3 
PSS AMON LS cs Seo e wee ee ADS. TUCCING sevice ccceds coe eee 8 
EF OMNVIN GAINES cock oie le a oe crete cee B47) Oats) p20... .cace obec oe Heeeoe ae 23 
EV Oo mV Nea bE eee = oes Ge oes ae eee 
HOMEFIELD, (6.) 
° Acres. Acres. Acres. 
T8622 Wallowen 62 oe aclc< 43. Pobatoespeeeee =<... <i 9 
L865 eVWihGabuete et ce So ceioe) IS WedeS cme mateo cc. 20 
18042) Barleyseeces -o.- <2 <\ DO: DALCS@ ose cee cee 3 
eG.) Barloye eens ceec- - 24« Pallowy .sece-22- =. 28) (Beans)... 5-5eeeeeo eee eee 4 
186; Barleyaysaes. cee - = 1 Wheat seme tess 5 =. 45 
1S6yecbanleyeeseeeciec n= -\ 39) Beans) 20 -stee =~ - 13. Marigold and fallow .... 4 
W868. Barleyse= sec .c- + 12~"Wheat sseseeeeoo-- + 13.) Beans 3322-5 3-25 eee 31 
PSOO MW heab) ase eee ee (SL (Oathiee eee ee. « 8 > Beams:..2 220s. = eee 16 
LS7OseWineaib y= e.setci ee AY ~ (Barley seteoss. ss 8 
Sid, Barley ce eee. oe 60 
Sev Gait, once enters eee 60 
Levou Wheat J. se ee 45 
