BEST VARIETIES OF EVERGREENS FOR WINDBREAKS. 171 



large trees. My experience is that your pine tree of the mar- 

 ket, at least a great many of them, will be too tender, and I 

 came to the conclusion that with the red cedar, as with apple 

 trees where we grow them from the seed, some of them would 

 be hardy, and a great many of them would not be hardy. I 

 believe it would be risky to plant red cedar, as we usually find 

 It on the market; I do not believe it is safe; but I have heard 

 of the native red cedar, finding them on bluffs and planting 

 them near where they were grown, and I have never heard of 

 their proving tender. 



Mr. C. L. Smith: I tried buying red cedar ten to fifteen 

 years until I thought they were no good. I finally saw some 

 that were in very fine shape, and I asked the man where he got 

 them. He told me where he had pulled them up, and I started 

 out myself with the team and got some. They all grew. With 

 my experience in planting I would rather have a thousand red 

 cedars four to five inches high, pulled up in Scott county, 

 Minnesota, and down along the Minnesota river, than ten thou 

 sand from the state of Illinois. 



Mr. Wedge: I have observed this matter of the red cedar with a 

 great deal of care and study. I have somewhat the same experience 

 as Mr. Richardson, and with the same parties, I have the native 

 cedar from the Minnesota river; I have trees from the Black Hills, of 

 South Dakota; I have trees from the deltas of the Platte river, and I 

 also have some that I got from Hill. I have no doubt Mr. Hill 

 {Dundee, 111.,) sent them out in good faith, but those trees suffered 

 very materially. I think Mr. Gardner could pick out the trees that 

 were grown from northern seed. The vitality and hardiness of the 

 trees inheres in the seed, and those trees from Minnesota, from our 

 vast forests, in the fall turn a peculiarly deep, rich red. Those I got 

 from Mr. Hill did not turn so deep a red. They are more of a silvery 

 hue and do not turn the rich red that our northern trees do. The 

 red cedar from the Black Hills is an entirely different tree, as well 

 as most hardy. It never turns a real red, and if it does turn red it is 

 all covered with a silvery sheen. In setting out on my place orna- 

 mental trees I would reserve a place for those trees from the Black 

 Hills of bleak Dakota. 



Mr. Gardner: Fifteen years ago or more I set out a row of red cedar 

 eighty rods long which made a good windbreak, but the main idea 

 in my mind was to have those trees to grow seed from. I think 

 those trees are twenty feet high. My idea was to get a hundred 

 bushels of seed from the larger ones, but from the time they were 

 large enough, which was about seven years ago, I have not collected 

 one peck of seed from the whole row, neither have I been able to get 

 red cedar seed in this northern country. 



Mr. Wedge: I have it in any quanty. There is no difficulty in 

 getting the seed. 



