270 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The new Campbell's Early stood the best of any, and the Concord, 

 Moore's Early and Worden fairly well. Brighton, Lady, Pockling-- 

 ton, Moore's Diamond, Agawam, Delaware and many others killed 

 to the ground. The loss to grapes was greater, because the prun- 

 ings were removed and soil left bare and clean, and the ground froze 

 so early that they did not get pegged down so closely as is our us- 

 ual practice. Although the leaves and prunings afford shelter for 

 insects and vermin, unless the vines are laid down and covered with 

 earth it is better to let them remain until spring. 



Apples — Hardy varieties of apples in orchards on elevated lands 

 do not show much injury from the winter, but the more tender vari- 

 eties, while growing from the terminal buds, have the wood consid- 

 erably discolored, and there is some loss of trees in valleys and 

 sheltered locations. We have lost a considerable number of trees 

 of the Russians sent out from the state station by Prof Porter a 

 number of years since, but do not consider them any great loss, be- 

 cause they were bad blighters and shy fruiters. Unfortunately, the 

 names of many of them were lost. Among the dead or fatally in- 

 jured are Sweet Pipka, Skrout German, Stepka, No. 1056, Holdfast, 

 and Ostrohoe. A number of Duchess that bore heavily last 

 year are looking very sick. Russians that do not show any 

 injury are Anisim, Antonovka, Charlamoff, Cross, all of the Hibernal 

 family, the Anis family, the Ostrokoff and Czar's Thorn. The injury 

 to Longfield is very slight. While very hardy the varieties of the 

 Anis family have no value for planting in this part of the state. 



The Jonathan, Ben Davis and Grimes' Golden are very badly in- 

 jured, while Fameuse. White, Walbridge, Scott's Winter and many 

 others are likely to fully recover. 



In newer varieties, the Patten's Greening, Okabena and Nelson do 

 not show the slightest injury, and the North Star and University 

 (Patten 102) are very promising. Not a tree on our north slope hill- 

 side orchard of more than a hundred varieties was killed, and very 

 few show any injury. 



Losses in the nursery of one and two year old trees were consider- 

 able. Although with few exceptions the trees were inclined to start 

 and grow from the terminal buds, the wood is apparently dead at 

 the heart to within a few inches of the ground, and it has been nec- 

 essary to cut them back to sound wood to avoid having black hearted 

 trees. Most of the Siberian hybrids and the Anisim, Charlamoff, 

 Duchess, Patten's Greening, Hibernal, North Star and Christmas, 

 are about all that do not need any cutting back. Babbit, Spring- 

 dale, Shakleford, Ben Davis and Ethlys are the most severely in- 

 jured. The greatest injury to the Wealthy is in the axils of the 

 branches, the center wood being discolored, but not affecting the 

 growth of the trees. 



A considerable number of seedlings have given up the ghost, 

 while others seem to be hardier than Fameuse, Haas and the Rus- 

 sets, and equal to the Wealthy and Wolf River. 



Our experience so far is that aside from less than a dozen Russi- 

 ans, it would be safer to plant the Wealthy, Okabena, Patten's Green- 

 ing and, perhaps, Wolf River and the most promising seedlings, 



