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lu New Jersey, green -manurino- with clover is practiced to a limited 

 extent. In Gloucester the clover is mowed and pastured, and the stub- 

 ble plowed under the second year; in Warren, the stubble only for 

 corn ; in Burlington, plowing under the crop is little practiced, because 

 pasturing with hogs, cattle, and sheep, and plowing under the sod is 

 I)referred ; in Hudson larger crops of corn and potatoes result from 

 turning under red clover. 



In Pennsylvania, green-manuring with clover, in connection with 

 lime or gypsum, enters somewhat extensively into a system of rotation 

 in which the culture of wheat, corn, and hay predominates. In Bed- 

 ford the practice is growing in favor, and " universally deemed profita- 

 ble;" in Lancaster, considered by the best farmers a progressive step 

 in agriculture; in Tioga, the second crop for wheat, next to farm-yard 

 manure, the best and cheapest fertilizer, and ^'should be at least twoyears 

 old before turning under, as the roots are more valuable than the stalks; " 

 in Fulton, it is less practiced than formerly, because farmers keep so 

 much stock, and lime their land freely ; in Montgomery, top-dressing 

 with manure, lime, and compost is considered far better; in Dauphin, 

 also, returning in manure all the hay grown on the farm, and turning 

 under the stubble is thought to result in a greater improvement of the 

 soil than turning under any green crop; in Montour, turning under clo- 

 ver in either mode is deemed equal to a coat of manure. 



Th e extracts which follow will illustrate the varied practice and 

 afford convincing evidence of satisfactory results. 



CumierJand : The second growth plowed under in July for winter-wheat brings a fine 

 crop, A good bed of grass plowed under in the fall for corn produces as large a crop 

 as if the land was coated with barn-yard manure. Clinton : All who have tried it con- 

 cur in saying that it benefits the land as much as, if not more than, a full dressing 

 of barn-yard manure. Bucks: The custom is to sow clover on oats, let it lie one year, 

 pasture or mow the following season, and plow for wheat after harvest. I have prac- 

 ticed it for fifteen years with marked advantage to the soil. Ada^ns : To a limited ex- 

 tent by the better class of farmers who can spare in this way a good crop of grass. 

 The second or third crop is usually turned under. Washington : In connection with, 

 lime produces excellent crops. This method followed by those who practice rotation, 

 and it is claimed that by it land may be constantly improved. Westmoreland : Where 

 grazing is more of an object than the cultivation of the cereals, clover-fields are pas- 

 tured in the fore part of the season, and the ripened after-growth cut for seed or plowed 

 under for a crop of wheat. In the latter way a very good stand of clover is obtained 

 the next season, while the wheat and soil are both benefited. P''or many years I have 

 pursued this course with decided success. Fayette : To some extent ; second crop iu 

 high favor with our best farmers. Its beneficial effects not only in aftording plant- 

 food, but in securing a better mechanical condition of the soil. Wipming : I came 

 in possession of a field of five acres which had been cropped till nothing but mal- 

 lows and pennyroyal grew, and it had been left an open common. I planted it in 

 corn, using plaster for a fertilizer. The next spriag sowed oats and one p'^ck of 

 clover-seed. The third spring sowed plaster on the clover. The last of Augjust 

 plowed under all that grew ; sowed to wheat, and the followiag spring clover-seed O'i 

 that. In the summer pastured the clover a very little, but in August plowed under 

 the clover, sowed to wheat with clover-seed in the spriug. The fifth summer mowed 

 the first crop of clover, and plowed under again in August for another crop of wheat; 

 ■with clover-seed. In each instance plaster was sown on the crop after sowing the 

 clover-seed in spring. The result of this fertilizing with clover and plaster, and crop- 

 ping with corn, oats, and wheat, was, the land was made rich enough to produce any 

 crop. The last of the three successive crops of wheat was attacked by weevils, which 

 commenced on the outside and left scarcely any wheat within IG or 20 feet of the 

 fence ; but the five acres yielded 102 bushels — 20| bushels per acre. Lancaster : I know 

 of a tract of land that has been cultivated for twenty-six years and good crops raised 

 by the application of clover turned under alone. The hay, corn-fodder, and straw 

 have always been sold, and yet the land improved. Clearfield : The general practice, 

 mow the first crop, let the second crop grow until after harvest, and then plow 

 under whatever may be on the ground ; harrow well, give a top-dressing, then put the 

 w^beat in with a drill. The wheat does well and the soil improves under this mode of 

 treatment. My brother raised 34 bushels of Fultz wheat to the acre last year. Lti- 

 serne : The chief reliance of our farmers is barn-yard manure and clover, about half 



