102 



seed, cottou, and other crops increase the aggregate shipment, and hogs, 

 and cattle for beef, with some horses and mules, constitute the surplus 

 animal production. Some counties procure flour from abroad, and a 

 few buy corn, potatoes, grass-seed, &c., though most of them are self- 

 supporting. The j)riucipal corn-growing counties are. Saline, La Fayette, 

 Jackson, Johnson, Holt, Henry, Cooper, Clinton, Clay, Cass, Carroll, 

 Buchanan, Boone, Atchison, Nodaway, Polk, and Bay. Saint Charles, 

 Saint Louis, Franklin, Saline, Cooper, Howard, La Fayette, and Lincoln 

 produce largely of wheat. The largest tobacco-growers are Chariton, 

 Franklin, Howard, Lincoln, Pike, Callaway, and Eandolph. 



Kansas is a self-supporting State, with a large surplus, except in 

 recently-settled districts in very exceptional seasons of drought and 

 grasshoppers. Even with a third of a crop of corn the past season, 

 there are more than thirty bushels of corn to each inhabitant, and of 

 wheat not less than eighteen bushels, allowing more than half the crop 

 as a surplus. Labette yields half a million bushels of wheat, and Cher- 

 okee, Doniphan, Brown, Wilson, Saline, Montgomery, Johnson, Dickin- 

 son, and Crawford have from 200,000 to 400,000 bushels each of winter- 

 wheat alqne. The spring-wheat is about one-third of the crop, produced 

 largely in Brown, Butler, Clay, Cloud, Dickinson, Jewell, Marshall, 

 Nemaha, Eepublic, and Washington; none of which i:>roduce less than 

 100,000 bushels. Johnson, Leavenworth, and Miami contributed even 

 last season more than a million bushels each of corn to the supply of the 

 State. A surplus of farm-animals, wool, and various small products is 

 also made, though the immigration of each year absorbs much of this, 

 as is especially the case with all the i^roductions of Nebraska. Califor- 

 nia ships mainly wheat, wool, wine, and fruits. 



THE PEOGPvESS OF ASSOCIATION. 



The answers to questions relative to the advantages to be deiived from 

 co-operation of farmers in selling, buying, or for mutual advantage 

 otherwise, are various in tone and tenor, indicating a general desire to 

 associate for mutual protection and advantage, but a great diversity in 

 the 'degree of eftbrt made in that direction and in the measure of success 

 attained. These efforts are made by the Patrons of Husbandry, by agri- 

 cultural societies, and local clubs, have been most general northwest, 

 frequent in the South, and less so in the Middle and Eastern States. 

 The purchase of commercial fertilizers by the quantity has saved much 

 to southern planters, and much more would have been saved if ready 

 money had been more generally in possession. In Culpeper, Virginia, 

 an enterprising farmer saved to his neighbors $800 on 100 tons commer- 

 cial fertilizers, $150 on 100 tons of plaster, and $150 on 150 bushels of 

 clover-seed. In Wake County $2,000 was saved in the purchase of a 

 quantity of a certain fertilizer made from the formula of one of the club, 

 costing $30 per ton. The Piedmont Milk and Produce Association has 

 saved a respectable sum in the marketing of their produce. In iDortions 

 of the cotton States there has been quite a saving in the purchase of 

 supplies ; for instance, in Claiborne, Mississippi, flour was obtained in 

 Saint Louis for $8 which had brought $14, and meal cost $4.25 per 

 barrel instead of $7.50, and corn 85 cents instead of $1.50. The county 

 of Lauderdale, Mississippi, claims a saving of $50,000 by co-operation. 

 Other counties in the South and West report $40,000 or less ; and the 

 larger number refer to an indefinite, though considerable saving. There 



