386 



snggestive. The census was taken each time by the same gentleman, William H. 

 Farquhar, which insures greater accuracy. 



Wheat hushols. 



Eye do... 



Com do... 



Oats do... 



Potatoes - do... 



Butter pounds. 



Hay tons. 



Value of slaughtered animals 



Total value of farm-products 



Value of live stock 



Clover-seed hushels. 



Value of orchard-products 



1850. 



23, 100 



800 



56, 000 



26, 600 



9,900 



38, 140 



1,440 



$12,715 



156, 650 



58,486 



1870. 



46, 700 



3,410 



107, 900 



41, 580 



77, 420 



59, 140 



4,209 



$55, 560 



390, 000 



184, 880 



273 



$11, 000 



Of the same nine farms in this district, the total value of the productions in 1850 

 was $10,365, and in 1870 $36,320. The population increased in the same time from 

 2,786 to 4,700. 



These figures show but a part of the wonderful change effected by the improve- 

 ments alluded to. Land bought for $2.05 per acre, and which was thought by a visitor 

 to the county at the time to be $2 more than it was worth, is now a fertile, beautiful, 

 and popular section, which is not for sale, and would, if sold, perhaps command from 

 $75 to $100 per acre. Turnpike-roads costing from $2,000 to $2,200 per mile have been 

 built, intersecting each other, and leading to Washington, while the earth-roads have 

 been very materially improved. Fine stock of the best breeds have been introduced 

 at a considerable expense. Farmers' clubs, conventions, and associations have been 

 organized, the oldest club having held monthly meetings since its organization in 1844. 

 Our young men rarely leave us, generally taking a portion of the old homestead, and 

 making the part produce as much as the whole once did. 



The yield per acre in 1845 on the parts under cultivation was about an average of 

 20 bushels of corn, 12 bushels of wheat, and from i to ^ ton of hay. It is now about 

 40 bushels of corn, 20 bushels of wheat, and 1^ tons of hay. Upon some farms, in 

 favorable seasons, there have been raised, per acre, 80 bushels of corn, 40 bushels of 

 wheat, and 2i tons of hay. 



The ease of access to Washington and Baltimore, and the substantial results of -the 

 aforementioned attempts to improve the fertility of the soil, the gently undulating 

 character of the country, the healthy location, pure water, and fresh air, have all 

 tended to draw attention to our county, and many citizens of Washington, Baltimore, 

 and other places have purchased farms and settled permanently or for the summer 

 within our limits. 



Some farmers who had thought of emigrating to the West have concluded, after 

 visiting the States beyond the Alleghanies, that the same industry, economy, and out- 

 lay which would be necessary there would give them equal pecuniary returns here, 

 with all the added advantages of an older civilization and the inestimable privilege 

 of remaining among friends, relatives, and old associations. 



Mr. E. T. Bowne, of Harford, reports prices lower than in 1870 ; farms 

 that brought $40 per acre being now estimated at $30, and wild lands 

 then worth $18 are now estimated at $14. The surface is well wooded 

 and watered, and fine water-powers are abundant. The portion border- 

 ing on the Chesapeake is comparatively level, with soil of light loam, 

 and others in which clay predominates ; other sections quite undulating. 

 It is estimated that about one-fifth of the farms are for sale at some- 

 thing like the above figures. 



One-third of the lands in Carroll can be purchased at the present 

 time at low rates. The "worn-out" or unused fields can be had at 

 about $10 per acre. It is hilly and some.what rocky, drained by the 

 tributaries of the Patapsco and Monocacy. 



Frederick is a fine farming county. The clay soils of Middletown 

 Yalley and the limestone of the Frederick and Manor districts produce 



