1 84 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



a piece (crab) root would succeed on a whole crab root. In Europe, 

 he says, layered trees are considered the best. Mr. Gurney was of 

 the opinion that dry weather rather than severe cold was the cause 

 of root-killing. Siberian crab was never killed during any test win- 

 ter yet known. 



George Cassady, of Valley Springs, began orcharding in 1878. 

 The trees he planted then are all dead. He planted again in 1880. 

 The Wealthy, Duchess and Whitney do the best. Mulched trees do 

 not grow so fast as cultivated trees. Several members favored 

 mulching for apple trees. 



W. L. Held, of Lecher, has had fair success with plums. He 

 planted pits of De Soto, and has raised his plums from pits. Has 

 now one hundred ninety trees, all fruiting. His orchard cost him 

 eighty-five cents. Mr. Norby advised planting plum pits and apple 

 seeds. Mr. Gurney, although a nurseryman, said we would be 

 further along if grafting had never been invented. Mr. Cowles is, 

 too, an earnest advocate of getting all trees on their own roots. 

 Plants sprouts; does not want grafted trees. A three and a half 

 acre plum orchard at Vermillion, on its own roots, has brought 

 $4,000 in nine years. H. L. Hanson, of Viborg, has a sixteen-acre 

 apple orchard. He chopped out one hundred Transcendents for 

 blighting. The Early Richmond cherry is doing well with him. 



Corn stalks and fox-tail grass were recommended for winter 

 protection. Tie them on the trees with binding twine. 



Fred Noerenberg, of the Black Hills, reported that the Duchess, 

 Maiden Blush, Willow Twig, Walbridge and Hyslop were doing 

 well with him. Early Richmond cherries are immense. He culti- 

 vates clean. Sows turnips between the rows in August. Is grow- 

 ing Early Transparent and Gideon, Flemish Beauty pear and Bok- 

 hara peach. Mr. Whiting said he was surprised at the fruit he saw 

 growing in the Hills. He said the Martha crab was loaded, and 

 they even raised Baldwin apples. 



Hon. H. W. Lathrop gave an interesting account of the pro- 

 gress of northwestern horticulture during the past fifteen years. 

 He urged the planting of apple seeds. 



Prof. Hansen gave an interesting account of the seedlings he is 

 raising. He has fifteen hundred seedling hazel nuts, four thousand 

 plum seedlings and five hundred seedling sand cherries. He has 

 pears from Asia, and many ornamentals. Those interested should 

 send for his latest bulletin. 



