90 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Mr. A. Norby, of Madison, gave a talk on evergreens, illustrat- 

 ing it with samples from his yards. He recommended the Black 

 Hills evergreens, with red cedar for windbreaks, pinus ponderosa 

 transplanting harder than other pines but making a longer lived 

 tree and standing more drouth than deciduous trees. Mr. Whiting 

 recommends in equal belts red cedar, ponderosa pine and Black 

 Hills spruce for shelter belts, with trailing juniper and pinus Mon- 

 tana for ornamental evergreen shrubs. 



"How We Raised an Orchard," a comic poem by D. F. Harring- 

 ton, of Sioux Falls, scoring his own former methods and recom- 

 mending the home nursery. 



"Windbreaks." J. M. Bailey, Valley Spring. If he could grow 

 one others could with the same care. European birch recommend- 

 ed by Mr. Bailey. This must not be confused with the American 

 birch, as was stated by Mr. Older. 



"Native Trees and Shrubs," by H. W. Hinds, Huron, who 

 thinks a poor loaf better than no loaf and commends the bufifalo 

 berry, sand cherry and June berry. 



A discussion of a bill introduced into the legislature to do away 

 with trees planted along the highway. The opinion expressed was 

 that there were not enough trees anywhere in South Dakota, and a 

 resolution was passed asking the legislature to kill the bill. Whit- 

 iny, Gurney and Bentz were appointed a committee to go to see it 

 done. 



In discussing on caring for trees after planting, cultivation and 

 keeping stock out of groves was recommended. 



"Strawberries, Queen of Fruits" was the subject next discussed 

 and after this "Irrigation," by Messres. Gurney, Cowles, DeWolf, 

 Norby, Older and Hines. 



"Orchard Management," by Will Prosser, of Hurley. Cultiva- 

 tion and mulching gave the best results. This man has 120 acres 

 of apples, formerly the Alderman fruit farm. In the discussion Mr. 

 Gurney said he did not believe that late cultivation made a late 

 growth of wood, Warner, Hinds and Whiting agreeing with him 

 and Norby disagreeing. Mr. Yegge, of Alpina, cultivates with a 

 plow, plowing the ground often until it freezes up. He has mulched 

 heavily and lightly and not at all, and sees no difference in time of 

 blossoming. Mr. Older said that he used to mulch to keep back 

 the trees in the spring. He heard it stated by Mr. Wedge and Prof. 

 Green that as soon as the atmosphere around the tops and 

 branches of the tree is sufificiently warm to produce growth, it will 

 start to grow from the food stored in the body of the tree, even 

 if the roots are frozen hard. Prof. Gofif, of Wisconsin, said that he 

 had known a tree to die after it had started to grow because the 

 root was frozen and could not supply the needed food after the tree 

 had exhausted all ihe food in the body stored there the fall before. 



Mr. N. O. P. Synoground, of Gorton, said he had tried setting 

 trees and taking good care of some of them, and poor care or neg- 

 lect of some, the usual result following. President Bentz said 

 that trees can be grown in every county in South Dakota if good 

 horse sense is used as to conditions. 



