ANNUAL MEETING, I9O3, SO. DAK. STATE HORT. SOCIETY. 9I 



Mr, N. O. P. Synoground in his gumbo land digs the holes 

 for the trees in the fall and lets them lie open during the winter. 

 In setting his trees he puts in the upper or ripe soil to the roots of 

 the tree, filling in the balance with the soil from the bottom of the 

 hole, after using a little water, and packs the ground very little. 



Mr. Older called attention to the above and noted that the same 

 treatment at Mr. Warner's place in sandy land would be a failure, 

 while if planted deep and packed solid in the gumbo land every 

 tree would die. Mr. DeWolf read a paper on "Trees for the Shelter 

 Belt and for Timber." 



A paper by Mr. A, Norby, of Madison, on "Plum Culture" 

 gave notes on the dates of ripening, the Aitken being the earliest 

 but poor in quality, and the iDest one an unnamed seedling. Mr. 

 Warner said that Olson is more like a prune than a plum, and Mr. 

 Cowles gave a history of the Olson, being a South Dakota seedling, 

 large, yellow, oblong, fine to eat. 



Mr. Warner gave a splendid paper on "Plums and Flowering 

 Shrubs," and Mr. Cowles spoke on "Plum Breeding" and on 

 "Cherries." In the discussion it was shown that cherries must 

 have high clay land to do well but are a failure on low land. A 

 paper from C. Thompson of Black Hills on "Fruit in the Black 

 Hills." 



The officers elected were: President, P. J. Bentz, Woonsocket; 

 vice-president, A. Norby, Madison ; secretary, N. E. Hansen, 

 Brookings; treasurer, M. J. De Wolf, Litcher. Place of next 

 meeting, Madison. 



A committee of Hinds, De Wolf and Whiting was appointed 

 to see what could be done to get the reports printed. The mem- 

 bers took up a subscription to start a monthly South Dakota horti- 

 culturist, after which the meeting adjourned. 



ANNUAL MEETING, 1903, WISCONSIN STATE HORTI- 

 CULTURAL SOCIETY. 



FRANK I. HARRIS, I.A CRESCENT, DELEGATE. 



The annual meeting of the Wisconsin State Horticultural So- 

 ciety was held in Madison on Feb. 3, 4 and 5, 1903, in the Capitol. 

 The attendance was good, being fully up to the average of pre- 

 vious years, and interest and enthusiasm were manifest in the 

 excellent program rendered. The display of fruit far surpassed 

 that of last year and was notable for its fine appearance and 

 uniform good quaHty. About 330 plates of apples were shown, 

 and they contained many promising varieties, among which the 

 Wealthy and Northwestern Greening and the Russians were 

 prominent; also some excellent seedlings and a collection of native 

 crabs showing wonderful variation under cultivation and selection 

 for improvement. The Ozark region (Ark.) was represented by 

 a display of thirty plates of fine red apples, exhibited by Mr. Tip- 

 pen, which had been shown at Missouri State Society but were 



