104 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Mr. Geo. J. Kellogg, (Wis.) : Have you had any experience 

 with the common wild crab apple as a seedling for stock? 



Prof. Green : I have never used it. 



Mr. W. L. Taylor; What do you know about the Red Jacket 

 gooseberry ? 



Prof. Green : It is so mildewy we have given it up. 



Mr. Yahnke : What gooseberry would you recommend as the 

 best? 



Prof. Green : The Houghton and the Downing. 



Mr. Emil Sahler : In regard to grafting, I always had an idea 

 the Hibernal would be a good tree to graft upon ; would it be all 

 right to graft upon the Hibernal ? The Hibernal is not a good eat- 

 ing apple, and for that reason I thought if you would graft the 

 Wealthy upon the Hibernal it might have some effect upon the 

 quality of the apple. 



Prof. Green : Practically all our seedlings that we graft upon 

 are not of a very good quality so far as the fruit is concerned. We 

 keep right on grafting, and I do not suppose that half the seedlings 

 that we graft upon are any better than the Hibernal. Sometimes 

 we do get a difference in grafting, but it is very seldom that it is 

 pronounced. I know where the Duchess is grafted upon the Trans- 

 cendent it makes a Httle difference, but I don't think you can depend 

 upon that thing. 



Mr. Sahler : The healthiest looking stem I ever saw is in 

 Waseca. A man there grafted a Whitney No. 20 on top of a wild 

 crab tree, and the stem is the best I ever saw ; it does not blight, and 

 the tree is sound. 



Prof. Green : I have grafted the wild crab on all of the com- 

 mon stock and got a good growth that way. I have got all of Mr. 

 Fluke's hybrids. I think he sent me twenty-five hybrids between 

 the wild crab and the cultivated apple. I have got them grafted 

 on common stock, and they are doing very nicely. 



Mr. Andrew Wilfert : In my experience I have found that has 

 nothing to do with it. The flavor comes from the atmosphere. The 

 roots have nothing to do with it, it is all in the leaves. I have got 

 some grafted Whitney No. 20. 



Prof. Green : I used to think I knew all about the circulation 

 of sap and so on, and I thouo-ht it was a very simple thins-, but now 

 pomolosists say they do not know anything about it and will not 

 undertake to sav how it is done. 



Making a Lawn. — The lawn should be the first care in any home-ground, 

 says Country Life in Afuerica. All effective planting of shrubs and plants 

 have relation to this foundation. Homelikeness depends also upon it. Grass 

 will grow anywhere, to be sure, but mere grass does not make a lawn. You 

 must have a sod; and this sod must grow better every year. This means good 

 and deep preparation of the land in the beginning, rich soil, fertilizing each 

 year, resowing and mending where the sod becomes thin. Usually we water 

 our lawns too much, making the grass shallow-rooted and causing it to fail 

 early. Every inducement should be made for the grass roots to go down. 



