POLLINATION OF THE MAETHA CRAB. 277 



are cross-pollenized, where there is an opportunity for it, the chances 

 are that the fruit would get larger and you would get a larger num- 

 ber of seeds from those cro^s-fertilized than from those self-fertil- 

 ized. We have seen that demonstrated in the case of the orange. 

 and as you know in the case of the navel orange in some cases tnc 

 effect of the pollen is to produce no seed at all. I think it is simply 

 sufficient to enable it to produce fruit, to produce fleshy tissue, I do 

 not think it goes far enough to afifect the seed any. This is also the 

 case in quite a number of grapes. You take the common white 

 grape, and you will find varieties that have no seed in them. If you 

 find varieties that have seeds in them they are generally very small. 

 Those that have one or two seeds are generally of good size. If it 

 is not well developed you will find a good many. One effect of 

 pollination that we are sure of is the variation of the fleshy material 

 around the seed. Mr. Wade's experiments show that. It has a 

 sacrificial effect in the production of seed. I have seen a tomato 

 where one side was not formed at all and one side was well developed. 



Mr. Oliver Gibbs : The case of the St. Vallery apple tree, de- 

 scribed by Darwin in his "Plants and Animals under Domestication," 

 and the evidence given in the American Pomological Report of 1884, 

 session of 1883, sustains the opinion of Prof. Green. 



Mr. Geo. J. Kellogg : Twenty-five years ago I fruited twenty 

 kinds of apples and crabs, and I found no difference, and I now have 

 forty varieties growing, and if I live twenty-five years longer I will 

 know more. In Mr. Hazelton's case he attributed all his success to 

 the bees ; when he got bees he got apples. The one side of the tree 

 that did not bear he attributed to the weather. 



Prof. Robertson : I would like to leave this thought with those 

 hand-pollinators : We just heard it stated that the pollen is the 

 plant. I do not think you can claim the same condition for the 

 pollen when it is put on by hand as you can claim for it when put on* 

 by nature at the proper time. You put this pollen on here and may 

 be vou did not take it when it had developed its greatest strength, 

 and, therefore, you would not get the same results. That is some- 

 thing to think of, and we may draw our own conclusions as to hand- 

 pollination being the same thing. 



Mr. Elliot : Here is an apple that comes from a tree that was 

 planted in 1844. It is the earliest record we have of apple seed planted 

 in Minnesota, and some of you may be interested in knowing that 

 the tree from this early planted seed in Minnesota is still alive. It 

 is in good condition, and the tree is still growing. That tree was 

 planted by Gideon H. Pond in 1844. He was the father of H. H. 

 and E. R. Pond, who are members of our society. 



