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Vermont. — Addison : Butter and cheese. A few have realized much the largest 

 profit in raising Spanish or American Merino sheep. Franklin : C. S. McAllister, of 

 Enosbnrgh, made the past season, from 60 cows, about 150 pounds of butter per cow, 

 and sold it at prices averaging for the season 34 cents per pound, making a gross 

 income of $51 per cow. Am not informed of the cost of packages, salt, and other ex- 

 penses. W. H. McAllister, of the same town, reports an income of |2,000 from 40 cows, 

 besides milk, cream, and butter for a family of twelve. VTashhigton : One farmer, from 

 17 cows, sold the past year 3,078 pounds of butter for $1,050, besides supplying his 

 family with milk and butter, and selling several calves for veal, making the income 

 $68 to $70 per cow. The same farmer had 20 ewe sheep ; grade, Southdowns ; the wool 

 and lambs from which sold for $130. It cost as much to keep these sheep and lambs 

 as three cows, which would have aifoi'ded $200. Butland : Since the opening of the 

 Pacific Railroad we have not been able to compete with western wool-growers. The 

 last year's sales of wool reached only about 40 cents per pound, while our dairies have 

 paid from $45 to $75 per cow. Caledonia : One farmer made 3,000 pounds of butter 

 from 15 cows, which sold at home for $1,000. Good, early-cut hay will pay $20 per ton 

 if fed judiciously to good dairy cows; one hundred Merino ewes will average 85 lambs, 

 worth $3 per head, and 600 pounds of wool, worth 48 cents per pound ; making $543, 

 or $5.43 per head. This has been done by one of our farmers for the last five years. 



Massachusetts. — Middlesex : Raising milk for the Boston market. Market-garden- 

 ing and raising field-crops for market are branches gradually extending. 



Connecticut. — Litclifuld : Making butter and cheese and selling milk. 



New York. — Delaware: In this county no branch compares in prolit with butter- 

 making. At the meeting of our agricultural society in January last, statements, at- 

 tested by oath, were presented by two competitors for premiums on the largest quan- 

 tity of butter per cow made the past season. These were 228 pounds and 232. In 

 the one dairy there were under and in the other over eight cows. Chemunq : Most 

 I profitable and most certain of prompt cash returns. One dairy of 12 cows yielded $82 

 per cow from April 1 to December 1. In well-managed dairies a fair average has 

 been $50 to $60 per cow. Dutdiess : Sending milk to New York. Where cows are kept 

 the large amount of manure returned to the soil improves it continually, whereas 

 the selling of hay robs the land. ChaufauqiM : The manufacture of cheese by the 

 co-operative system of cheese-factories has proved the most successful branch of 

 farming in this country. Several dairies have yielded a net income of $55 to $63 

 per cow. The growing of potatoes was very successful, and netted a much better 

 profit than any grain. AUegann : The yield per cow of milk sold at the factories 

 ranges from $32 to $60, while the calves and the milk, earlier and later than the factory 

 season, will about pay for pastui'age. Western corn, ground and fed with hay and 

 straw, has been largely used for feed through the winter. Steuhen : A good dairy will 

 netif50 per cow in butter, as that sold through the season for not less than 30 cents 

 per pound, and at present 50 cents is paid for a prime quality. Buttermilk is estipiated 

 to be worth 4 cents per quart for feeding pigs or moistening feed for the cows. Tiogo : 

 Statistics show fhat butter-making has been the most profitable ; 20 cows made 3,200 

 pounds of butter, which sold at 40 cents. Jefferson : A neighbor who carried on a farni 

 on shares, says : Of the 190 acres in tln^ farm, 30 are woodland ; of the remaining 152 

 acres, 40 were cultivated in grain, corn, and potatoes ; 40 were in meadows, and 72 in 

 pastures. From 19 cows kept, butter and cheese were sold to the amount of $765 ; 

 value of milk, butter, and cheese used by two families, $200 ; expenses for labor, &c., on 

 the farm, $400, two-thirds of which, $266, should be charged to the dairy. This being 

 deducted leaves a profit of $6.24 per acre for the 112 acres in meadow and pasture. 

 The graius, corn, and potatoes produced on the 40 acres were worth in the aggregate 

 $300, Deducting $133, one-third of the expenses, leaves only $4.17 per acre. Further- 

 more, credit should be given for the increase of stock, as, besides the cows, a dozen 

 calves and young heifers and three colts were pastured and fed with hay; also the 

 comparative eflect on the land, which is more exhausted by raising grain. Cattarau- 

 gus : J. J. Humason milked last season 115 cows. He practiced feeding of the skimmed 

 milk to the cows during the entire season, from March to January. He made 20,830 

 pounds of butter ; average per cow, 181 pounds ; average price, 32 cents per pound ; 

 average value per cow, $57.92. This can be much improved upon by a closer selection 

 of cows adapted to the butter-dairy. Smaller dairies yield larger products per cow. 



New Jersey. — Sussex : The cows are mostly ordinary or native. Farmei's in the 

 milk business here find it more profitable to buy than to raise their cows. One, from 

 13 cows, sold, the past season, milk to the value of $980, averaging about $74 to the 

 cow, besides supplying the family with milk. Many of our farmers are not convenient 

 to railways or creameries, and are, therefore, engaged in making butter and pork. At 

 this they have done very well. Still, the milk business brings in quicker returns, in- 

 volves much less labor, requires less hired help, and is, therefore, more profitable when 

 the dairyman is convenient to the cheese-factory or railroad. 



Pennsylvania. — Erie : The manufacture of cheese by factories, taking the produce 

 of a large number of farmers together, has product- d results of economy and profit. 



