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valuable here as they were twenty-five years apfo. FrankVm : Uuderdraining and econ- 

 omy. Bristol: No systematic farminfj. Middlesex: Improved machinery, but great 

 lack of rational processes in farming. Berkshire : Better care of domestic animals ; they 

 have better shelter, stables of more <!qnal temperature, and more care is talien to keep 

 animals out of storms; two objects accomplished by this — economy in feed and health 

 of stock. 



RiiODi-: Island. — Kent: Few farms in the county admit of machine-work on an ex- 

 tended scale. Young men that have advanced intelligenipe and skill leave the farm for 

 the workshops and other congenial occupations. Newport : A ton of hay is secured at 

 less than one-half the amount. of manual labor that was formerly required. 



Co.VNECiTCUr. — XewRavon: New buildings are put up for curing tobacco ; consid- 

 erable attention given to the question of manures f )r that crop. New London : We are 

 sl)wtotake up improvements. Litchfield: Considerable awakening to the necessity 

 of improvement. Tolland: The least said the better. Manufacturing, our leading in- 

 dustry, fixes the status of labor. 



New York. — Saratoga: Gradual improvement in stock ; better breeds grown. AS'ife^- 

 hen: Farmers are evincing a higher appreciation of their callint^ by better tillage, 

 fences, buildings, and ornamental surroundings. Sullivan : There is a gradual change 

 iu the direction of smaller areas under culture, with better tillage and consequently 

 larger yields per acre; more money is brought into the county, and times easier than 

 some years ago. Onondaga : Improvement in ])reparatiou and fertilization 6f soil 

 and in culture ; more gypsum and barn-yard manure nsed, and the truth more fully 

 realized that the best- worked lands pay the best. Otsego : There are numerous fac- 

 tories iu the county, using the milk of from 100 to 400 cows, and generalh' giving sat- 

 isfactory results. Schenectady : A nourishing agricultural society, and also a farmers' 

 club, together with the increased circulation of agricultural papers, evince greater 

 interest in the subject of farming. Chemung : Increased attention to the proper 

 gathering of the hay-crop. Genesee : Progress is slow, but the present time is far 

 ahead of thirty years ago. A day's labor produces enough more now than then to 

 leave a balance after counting the cost of teams and machinery, which have in part 

 superseded human muscle; also in general intelligence and culture of the mind, 

 farmers have greatly advanced. Erie : The land is worked more thoroughly and more 

 manure used than formerly. Livingston : Steam is being introduced for thrashing. 



New Jkksey. — Hudson : The reclaimed lands in this county are doing well, and fair 

 crops have been realized. Some energetic efforts are being made to induce the youth 

 iu this county to enter the agricultural college. Sussex : It is generally remarked that 

 farmers are hiring less help than formerly and ai'e abandoning those brauches of hus- 

 bandry which involve the outlay of much money for wages. The character of farm- 

 laborers, if measured by the amount and the quality of the work done by them, has 

 been gradually depreciating for several years. IVarren : The price of labor being so 

 higli, the farmers are putting more of their land into grass. 



• Pennsylvania. — Mercer: Laud is rising iu value ; improved farm-implements used ; 

 general aspect of the county improving. Tioga : General use of the modern im- 

 proved agricultural implements ; a great saving over the old system of haud-labor ; 

 nearly all the stock kept on the farm, consuming less feed and producing more manure. 

 Pike: Actual experience has demonstrated the advantage of a four years' rotation ; 

 commencing with corn and potatoes, plow in clover about the last of April, plant about 

 the 15th of May, 3 feet apart, in rows each way, manure in hill with wood-ashes, com- 

 post of poultry-droppings and gypsum, one-third of the former and two of the latter, 

 plowing frequently in dry weather ; second, oats following corn and potatoes ; third, 

 timothy and clover, or wheat and rye; fourth, hay and jiasture. Centre: Soiling of 

 cattle to a limited extent has been practiced with satisfactory results ; whenever the 

 system of pasturing ceases in our grain-growing districts, agriculture will, it is thought, 

 nearly, if not quite, double in its increases. Butler : Better dwellings, barns, and out- 

 buildings. Cambria : Many farmers yet cut sixty to eighty acres of grass with the 

 scythe; commercial manures are almost unknown ; lime is not used to any consider- 

 able extent on account of its cost, (20 to 25 cents per bushel.) Bucks : Regular rota- 

 tion of ci'ops. Chester: New and improved butter-boxes, prints, workers, churns, and 

 new pans ; also new feed-cutters, steam-engines for power and cooking, and a gradual 

 improvement in care and manner of feeding stock is apparent. Dauphin : Labor-sav- 

 ing machinery and systematic processes, especially with regard to feeding stock ; some 

 of the farmers are demonstrating the utility of cutting Uf) their corn-fodder and feed- 

 ing it, mixed with grain. Fulton : Inqu'ovement in the efficiency of labor by procuring 

 every kind of machinery for farm purposes ; also in erecting houses, barns, &c., with a 

 view to convenience, comfort, and saving labor. Clearfield: The stump-machine has 

 been introduced in many parts of the county, preparing the farms for the use of the 

 mowing-machine, reaper, and horse-rake. Elk : Clover more sown as a fertilizing 

 crop ; agricultural papers more generally read ; perceptible improvement iu the con- 

 versation of farmers in regard to their calling, all of which are evidences of progress. 

 Washington: Steady advancement in the choice of farming utensils. Westmoreland: 



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