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growth, it is believed by the most uoted pomologists of the United 

 States, can be attained only by the production of winter varieties of 

 seedlings in the Southern States in which they are to be cultivated. 



Apples for the Southern States. — The opinion has prevailed that 

 the climates of the States south of Maryland are not adapted to the cul- 

 ture of the apple. This erroneous impression is not confined to the best 

 apple-regions of the Kortheru and Western States, but it has been held 

 by southern cultivators themselves, especially as regards good winter- 

 keeping varieties, when grown in warmer and equally congenial cli- 

 mates. 



Southern pomologists have long seen this matter in its true light, and 

 have been quietly but industriously collecting winter-varieties among 

 the seedlings originating in those States, and they can now present a 

 list of winter-apples which, for size, beauty, and quality, are equal to 

 those of any other section on this continent, and possessing, in addition, 

 a peculiart exture and solidity, to be found only in fruit produced in cli- 

 mates where the season of growth is extended and genial, and the win- 

 ters are of only moderate severity. 



The following list includes a few of the most popular summer, fall, 

 and best winter varieties known to the Department adapted for the 

 Southern States: 



Summer-apples. — Julian, Aromatic, Carolina, Large Summer, Queen, 

 Red June, Horse-apple, American Summer Pearmain, Summer Cheese. 



FaIl-a2)pJcs. — Hunge, Hubbard's Sugar, Bonum, (synonym : Magnum 

 Bonum, Downing;) Cummings' Red, Golden Russet, (synonyms: English 

 Golden Russet; English Russet ; Russet Golden, Buckingham;) syno- 

 nyms: Queen, Fall Queen, Winter Queen, Kentucky Queen, Lexington 

 Qiieen, Byer's Red, Frankfort Queen, Ladies' Favorite, Equinetely, Ox- 

 Eye, Bachelor, Merit, Blackburn, Henshaw, Sol. Carter, Ne Plus Ultra, 

 King, Red Horse, Red Gloria Mundi, (Downing.) 



WinterappJes. — Walker's Yellow, Camack's Sweet, Boran's Winter, 

 Broaduax, Hall, (synonyms : Hall's Seedling, Hall's Red, Jenny Seed- 

 ling, Downing;) White Winter Pearmain, (synonym: Campbellite, Down- 

 ing,) and the Michael Henry Pippin of some southern nurseries ; Glad- 

 ney's Red, Edwards's, Payne's Winter, Rawle's Janet, (synonym : Never- 

 fail;) Limbertwig, Faust, (synonyms: Faust's Winter, Faust's Downing;) 

 Hoyal's Greening, Shockley, Golden Wilding, Clark's Pearmain, (syno- 

 nyms: YellowPearmain, Gloucester Pearmain, Columbian Russet, Golden 

 Pearmain, Downing;) Matimuskeet, jS^ickajack, (synonyms: Caroline, 

 Berry, Summerhour, Accidental, Red Pippin, Howard, Hubbard, Mobbs, 

 Cheatan, Pound, Edward, Shantee, Wall, Aberdeen, Trenham, Big Hill, 

 Carolina Spice, Cheatan Pippin, Chatham Pip])in, Wander, Winter Rose, 

 Red Hazel, Forsythe's Seedling, Ruckman's Red, Alleghany, Chaltram 

 Pippin, Gowden, Graham's Red Warrior, Walb, Winter Horse, Missouri 

 Pippin, Missouri Red, Leanham, Jackson Red, World's Wonder, (Down- 

 ing,) Gilpin, (synonyms : Carthouse, Roman Knight, Small Romanite, 

 Gray Romanite, Little Romanite, (Downing;) Winesap, Aunt Peggie, 

 Disharoon, Winter Horse, Sharpe's Greening, Cullasaga, Ben Davis, 

 (synonyms: New York Pippin, Victoria Red, Kentucky Pippin, Balti- 

 more Red, Carolina Red Streak, Funkhouser, (Downing ;) Ferdinand, 

 Hemphill, Guilford Red, Green Cheese, (synonyms : Green Crank, South- 

 ern Golden Pippin, Green Skin, Yellow Crank, Winter Greening, Win- 

 ter Cheese, Carolina Greening, Turner's Cheese, (Downing.) 



These varieties are supposed to be nearly all seedlings of the South- 

 ern States. At page 184 to 198 of the Agricultural Report for 1869 will 

 be found an illustrated paper (by William Saunders) on the subject, of 

 which the above is a condensed abstract. 



