90 



and the goveruineuts beyond Moscow being suddenly cut o&, recourse was necessarily 

 had to the Baltic provinces, which have done an extensive business. 



Wheat, which is but little cultivated in these regions, has given satisfactory results 

 wherever it has been sown. The price is about ISO rubles per last. (This is equiva- 

 lent to about $1 33 per l)UHhcl.) 



Rye is abundant, but light in weight, which makes it little fit for export. The price 

 has sensibly fallen from 12 rubles to 7 the tchetvert, and at that there are no buyers ; 

 only 6 rubles per tchetvert of 180 pounds is otfered. 



Barley leaves nothing to be deshed in regard to quality, but it is to be regretted that 

 the rains of September and October have given it an unequal color. Prices are now at 

 iyl rubles the tchetvert ; before the harvest they were 12 rubles. 



Oats are excellent, both in quality and quantity, and a better harvest has never been 

 known. The advantageous prices ought to increase the foreign demand. The price is 

 3i rubles the tchetvert, and the weight is generally 78 pounds. 



The harvest of potatoes has not been everywhere equal, but it is generally satisfac- 

 tory, and the peasants have enough to restore to the reserve warehouses the cereals they 

 had withdrawn for seed and food. 



The Eiissian tchetvert, or quarter, is equal to 5.46 bushels English. 

 The last is equal to 16 tchetverts. Ten E-ussian pounds equal 9 English 

 I)ounds. The ruble at present rates of exchange is equal to about 60i 

 cents. 



FACTS FEOM VAEIOUS SOUECES. 



William Magie, of Butler County, Ohio, has sold this season thirty- 

 eight hogs, averaging 528.87 i)ounds each, dressed weight. The a^'eragc 

 gross "weight was 611 pounds. These hogs were twenty-one months old. 

 In Burlington County, New Jersey, Isaac Harrison killed a lot of thirty- 

 three hogs which averaged 515^ i:»ounds, dressed weight ; Joshua Forsyth 

 killed ten hogs which averaged 515 pounds; and Jose])h Hollo way killed 

 thirty-eight head, littered last spring, (killed second week in February,) 

 which averaged 348 x^ounds, and nine hogs which averaged 500 pounds. 



The Philadelphia Commercial List states that the oyster trade of that 

 city employs 225 boats, averaging 23 tons burden, with an average of 

 five men to each boat. Each boat averages nine trips per year, and 

 brings about 166,000 oysters per trip. The whole fleet brings up au 

 aggregate of 324,000,000 during the season. The several railroads also 

 bring in 8,000,000 oysters, making an aggregate of not less than 332,000,000 

 oysters used in the trade of Philadelphia each year, and it is estimated 

 that if all the facts could be reached the figures would amount to 

 500,000,000. The crop averages $5 per thousand at a low estimate. 



Mr. Hoag, a California silk culturist, states that he has cleared above 

 all expenses $3,500 from the mulberry product of three and a half acres. 

 The labor and other expenses amounted to $472. Even last year, a bad 

 one for worms, $796 clear profit was realized per acre, allowing ^$3 50 

 per ounce for the eggs, which are always marketable on the ground for 

 cash, European agents seeking them with eagerness. j\Ir. H. thinks 

 Europe will give a steady market for $9,000,000 worth of eggs per year, 

 and that California can monopolize it. 



The largest dairy in California is in Marion County, and consists of 

 3,600 milch cows, mostly of the Devon and the Durham breed. The quan- 

 tity of butter made last year was 400,000 jiounds, for which 45 cents per 

 pound was realized. About 500 lieifer calves are raised every year. 

 About 2,000 hogs are fattened on the skimmed milk and buttermilk, 

 and 250 to 300 cows and beef steers are sold off eacli year. 



Orleans County, New York, before the close of navigation, shipped 

 218,911 barrels of apples, vahied at about $592,000. Niagara County 

 shipped about the same amount, realizing a rather higher average price, 



