MONTHLY REPORT. 



Department of Agriculture, Statistical Division, 



WasMngton, B. C, July 19, 1870. 

 Sir : I herewith submit for publication the report of this division for 

 the current month, embracing a condensed statement of the condition 

 of the growing crops, together with a variety of extracts from the cor- 

 respondence of the Department, Avith articles on bone fertilizers, the 

 Alvarado beet-sugar factory, prizes for essays on agriculture, sales of 

 Kentucky stock, receipts and shipments at Union stock yards at Chi- 

 cago, the crops in Germany, San Domingo, culture of madder in Smyrna, 

 cinchona cultivation in India, w^heat culture in England, potash as a man- 

 ure, wages- of *trish farm labor, agricultural statistics of colonies of 

 Great Britain, meteorological tables and notes, &c. 



J. R. DODGE, 



Statistician. 

 Hon. Horace Gapron, 



Commissioner. 



CONDITION OF CROPS IN JULY. 



WHEAT. 



The coudition of wheat is above an average in the following States: 

 Maine, (spring,) 3 per cent.; New Hampshire, 2; Virginia, (winter,) 1; 

 North Carolina, 1*; Georgia, 10 ; Alabama, 8 ; Tennessee, 6 ; West Vir- 

 ginia, 3 ; Kentucky, 3 ; Kansas, 2 ; Nebraska, 2 ; Oregon, 3 ; an aver- 

 age is indicated in South Carolina and Arkansas ; and the following- 

 States fall below an average prospect : Vermont, (spring,) 9 per cent. ; 

 Massachusetts, 3; New York, 12; New Jersey, (winter,) 20; Pennsyl- 

 vania, (winter,) 9; Delaware, 35; Maryland, 30; Mississippi, 2; Texas, 

 13; Missouri, 15; Illinois, (winter,) 5 and (spring,) 25; Indiana, (winter,) 

 10; Ohio, (winter,) 9; Michigan, 15; Wisconsin, (winter,) 15 and (spring,) 

 26; Minnesota, 15; Iowa, 15; California, 5; Oregon, 4. 



The great wheat-growing districts all show a reduction in condition, 

 rendering it certain that the crop of the year will be materially less than 

 that of 1869. Future reports of condition at and after harvesting are 

 still elements of the ultimate estimate, but the average depreciation of 

 13 per cent., and the diminution in breadth of about 6 per cent., would 

 make the present estimate about 210,000,000 bushels, the decrease being 

 at least 48,000,000. 



In New Jersey a change for the worse came with the hot, moist weather 

 of June. Much of the crop was blighted in Burlington County, and 

 foggy weather on the sea-coast wa-ought great injury. 



