489 



River, a few miles west, deposits of magnetic ore have been found. The 

 existence of unlimited quantities of coal and iron in such close i)roxim- 

 ity promises to make this region the seat of a great iron manufacturing 

 industry in future years. 



Analysis of Wheat.— O. S. Hubbell, M. D., a distinguished phar- 

 maceutist of Philadelphia, furnishes the following analysis of the flour 

 and bran which he receives from the mill to which he sends his wheat 

 for gi'inding. From every 100 pounds of wheat about 7G pounds of 

 flour and 20 pounds of bran. The flour contains of tissue-making ele- 

 ments, (gluten, albumen, &c.,) 1.G5 ; of phosphates and other salines, 0.70 ; 

 total, 2.35 per cent. The bran contains, of tissue-making elements, 3.10 ; 

 salines, phosphates, &c., 7.05 ,• total, 10.15 per cent. That is, for pur- 

 poses of luitrition, the bran is more than fourfold richer than the flour, 

 or (l)eing one-fourth the weight of the flour) it has as much value as 

 the flour itself. Wheaten flour ot the miller consists chiefly of wheaten 

 starch, while the flesh-forming element of the grain, with the blood and 

 bone-producing constituents are chiefly rejected in the bran, and are sel- 

 dom used for human food, through traditional ignorance and prejudice; 

 while wheat flour is doubly nutritious, and can be eaten only in di- 

 minished quantity, or surfeit will be the result. 



Tobacco in Ohio. — It is estimated that the tobacco crop of the 

 Miami Valley this year will reach 12,000,000 pounds. The quality of 

 the jiroduct is thought to nearly equal that of the Connecticut gold-leaf. 

 A large portion has been sold at 17 cents per pound, at which rate the 

 crop would realize $2,040,000. The average value of the crop per acre 

 is over 8200. Nearly three-fourths of the whole product was grown in 

 Montgomery County. 



Beet Sugar in France. — Notwithstanding the scourge of war the 

 principal beet sugar districts of France have manufactured 38 per cent, 

 more sugar this year than in the seasons of lS0S-'09. The season has 

 been admirable for the growth of the beet. The circular of Arnold, 

 Baruchson & Co., Liverpool, England, reports the product in the various 

 departments of France as follows : Aisne, 60,871 tons ; Nord, 88,316 

 tons; Oise, 20,470 tons; Pas de Calais, 42,946 tons; Sonime, 32,930 tons; 

 other departments, 28,699 tons. Total, 274,232 tons, against 198,718 

 tons the preceding year. 



The Cuban Sugar Crop. — Alfonso & Blanchard's circular (Mataii- 

 zas, November 4) states that, with regard to the injury done to the 

 sugar-cane for the next crop by the great hurricane of October, there is 

 much difference of opinion among planters, but that the majority agree 

 on an average of 25 to 30 x^er cent. Much of the cane, from being 

 whirled, has been broken at the root, and in some districts completely 

 inundated, which may produce total rottenness. The sugar estates 

 have suffered more or less from destruction of buildings, machinery, 

 and implements, and the aggregate loss is heavy. 



Increase of Farms in California. — The number of acres of land 

 assessed in Fresno County, California, for the present year, is 1,344,079. 

 In 1860 there were in the county 3,770 acres of improved land in farms, 

 and 19,431 acres of unimproved land in farms, the total value of which 

 was $118,140. 



Treatment of Wood in Paper Manufacture. — The wood, pre- 

 viously reduced to shavings or sawdust, is placed for a time (the dura- 

 tion of which depends upon the nature and state of division of the 

 wood) into water, being left there to rot, as is done with flax. By this 

 treatment a great many substances are removed from the wood, which 

 is thereby afterward more readily pulped. The rotting in water has the 



