41 
posed in piles of three. Aveyson and Herault, in the immediate vicinity, with 
natural caverns in abundance, have tried to imitate Roquefort, but the scent and 
flavor communicated by the Roquefert caves are inimitable.. The cultivators 
of the district realize from this single branch of industry eight millions of pounds 
annually. This, briefly, is the art and mystery of Roquefort cheese. 
PRUSSIAN AGRICULTURE IN 1867. 
An official publication recently made enables us to give the results of the 
harvest in the several provinces of the kingdom of Prussia as compared with 
the crops of the preceding year. The system adopted by the Prussian govern- 
ment for the collection of these statistics is the same as followed by this de- 
partment, with the exception of the use of the figures 100 instead of 10, to 
represent the average or preceding crop, the decimals showing the extent to 
which the product, as estimated, exceeds or falls short of the crop with which it 
is compared. The averages of the whole kingdom are as follows: Wheat, 
.78; rye, .74; barley, .90; oats, .98; pulse, .89; potatoes, .82; thus proving that 
throughout Prussia the crops of wheat and rye have only been about three- 
fourths of an average crop; and that while barley, pulse, and potatoes have 
been somewhat more productive, oats alone have nearly approached the aver- 
age. ‘The following additional averages are given: ape seed, .70; beet root, 
81; lupins, 1.04; from which it will be seen that the growth of lupins ag an 
article for feeding cattle has been very advantageous during the past year. 
Returns are also given of the various kinds of straw that may be available, as 
follows: Wheat, .88; rye, .82; barley, .89; oats, 98; peas, .94; buckwheat, 
83. These figures serve to confirm the returus made of the grain produced, for 
although from an excess of moisture during a part of the growing season the 
proportion of straw has been inercased, the quantity secured is less than an 
average. 
VARIOUS MATTERS. 
The total exports of cotton up to the 1st of February are 510,000 bales to 
Great Britain, and 246,000 bales to the continent of Europe, against 426,000 
and 69,000 bales same time last year, by which it appears that the continent 
has this season taken direct from our ports 177,000 bales in excess of last year. 
Mr. P. 'T. Quinn, of New Jersey, gives the following as the amount of seven 
years’ sales of the product of a row of thirty Duchesse d’Angouleme pears, the 
seven crops being the yield of eight years: The first crop, the trees eight years 
old, $120; second, $139 41; third, $156 17; fourth, $201 28; fifth, $267 49; 
sixth, $310 20; seventh, $705; total, $1,900 55. ‘The row last year produced 
ninty-four bushels of marketable fruit, which sold at higher prices on account 
of the scarcity of peaches. 
The total amount of coal mined in the United States in 1867 is estimated at 
25,800,000 tons. The coal trade in Penusylvania has not been so unprofitable 
since 1861 as during the past year, it being stated that there hag been an average 
loss to the producer on the whole trade. 
The total consumption of sugar is estimated at about 2,035,000 tons per annum, 
or fifteen pounds per head for the 312,972,000 souls from whom returns can be 
obtained. The United States and Great Britain are the largest consumers, 
using 1,420,000 tons annually, averaging about forty-one pounds to each inhab- 
itant. ‘The average in France, Spain, Italy, Belgium, and Switzerland is some- 
thing over twelve pounds, with a total consumption of 500,000 tons. The Teu- 
