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acreage is drilled, the broadcast system being generally superseded. The mode 
and amount of culture vary in the different counties. . 
In Washington, clover fallow is preferred for wheat. The ground is prepared 
by ploughing with a three-horse plough, thorough harrowing, and seeding with 
drill, 13 bushels to the acre. Montgomery gives the average yield at about 12 
bushels. Our Baltimore correspondent writes: ‘The amount of wheat culti- 
vated is yearly on the increase, the crop of 1867 probably aggregating 320,000 
bushels. A much better system prevails at present in the mode of culture— 
more manures are used, and the drill is of great importance. In some localities 
the drill is used altogether.”” In Cecil ‘wheat is mostly sown in oat stubble, 
after one or two ploughings, manured with ground bones, guano, or superphos- 
phate of lime, and as much barnyard manure as is available.’ In Kent, “clover 
sod, turned down early in the fall, is drilled in, and wheat and oat stubble flushed 
and drilled, with guano and concentrated fertilizers ; corn, ground, broadcast and 
ploughed in or drilled in, without other preparation.” In Queen Anne, “ for fal- 
low we plough down a clover lea, harrow, and roll until the ground is in order, 
and then seed with drill from 13 to 13 bushels per acre.” 
6. In the western part of Alleghany “natural prairie grass abounds; the pas- 
tures are usually timothy, blue grass, and clover.” In Washington, “ grasses are 
rich in fattening qualities; clover, lucerne, and orchard grass flourish; two to 
three tons of timothy may be raised to the acre.’”’ ‘Clover, timothy, and herd- 
grass or red-top form the pastures in Montgomery, but unless a rotation of crops 
is practiced, or the fields top-dressed, briers, sedge, and the ox-eye daisy or 
Richardson pink obtain possession ; blue-grass is found in some pastures where 
the soil is good.” Baltimore county “is not well supplied with natural grasses 
of good quality ; in some localities red-top and blue-grass abound, and in many 
sections inferior grasses, called wild grasses, are found.” Grass seeds are gen- 
erally sown in Harford, but ‘green grass”? and clover come spontaneously. 
White clover, green grass, arid herds-grass are found in Cecil, and on low lands 
along the streams, a variety of meadow grasses; lands lying out are occupied 
by a coarse kind of grass called sedge, Clover and timothy are almost exclu- 
sively cultivated. Our Queen Anne reporter writes: ‘On well-improved lands 
patches of blue-grass root out the clover, and if let alone would soon take en- 
tire possession of the field, but is eradicated by acorn crop. Our meadow 
lands naturally produce red-top, wild oats, and a variety of coarse but succulent 
grasses, of which I do not know the names. Our worn-out lands grow up in 
sedge, which supplies good early pasture.’ Our reporter in Anne Arundel 
county says, “natural grasses are almost unknown here; crab grass and woolly 
head clover often grow, but are not adequate for pasturage. ‘The soil is well 
adapted to clover and timothy, producing heavy crops when improved.” 
Reports from the several counties estimate the average length of the pas- 
turage season at about seven months, at an expense of from $1 50 to $3 per 
month; Montgomery, six to six and a half months, at $1 50 per month; Balti- 
more is returued as low as four and a half months, at about $1 50 per month; 
Cecil, six and 4 half months, at $2; Kent, seven months, at $3; St. Mary’s, Anne 
Arundel, and Queen Anne, report as high as eight months. From the latter 
our correspondent writes: ‘“ Where a farmer has plenty of wood-land, meadow, 
and old field pasture, it costs him nothing to raise cattle, as they are not put 
upon clover until a crop has been cut off or it begins to fall, and they are win- 
tered on coarse provender which they convert into manure.” 
7. The soil and climate of Maryland are well adapted to the cultivation of 
fruits, and their growth is becoming an important interest in sections adjacent to 
the city markets, or in railroad communication therewith. Washington and Alle- 
ghany counties are considered especially adapted to the production of apples, 
peaches, &c., but as yet the culture has received comparatively little attention 
in the western part of the State. In Montgomery, both apples and peaches 
