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est five dollars, and virgin swamp one dollar per acre; Jackson county moun- 
tain lands, rich and loose in quality, much of it stony, averages fifty cents per 
acre; Caldwell county, all timbered and water power abundant, level lands one 
dollar and mountain fifty cents per acre; Bertis county is three-fourths timbered 
upland, formerly held at five dollars—bottom lands higher in price. Lands 
generally of good quality and capable of high improvement in Duplin, Bertis, 
Halifax, Hertford, Onslow, Wilkes, Wilson, Macon, and Davie counties offered 
low ; greater part of these suitable for cereals and vegetables, fruits of various 
kinds—some for cotton and tobacco, and a small part for rice. 
3. Among the resources that could easily be made available and profitable in 
prosperous times, and with a few facilities in marketing, are yellow and pitch 
pine in abundance, formerly profitable for turpentine and lumber, in Duplin, 
Onslow, Wake, and other counties; timber of various kinds suitable for build- 
ing, furniture, &c., in Bertis, Anson, Hertford, Onslow, Sampson, Iredell, Mad- 
ison, Henderson, Montgomery, Moore, Stokes, and Burke counties ; and agri- 
cultural resources in marketable products, with a good system of farming, in all 
except, perhaps, Northampton and Cumberland. Besides these, iron is manufae- 
tured in Chatham, Lincoln, and Gaston counties, and found in Randolph, Meck- 
lenburg, Alleghany, Madison, Moore, Davie, and Guilford counties. Gold, silver, 
and copper are found in Davidson ; gold in Stanley, Randolph, Cabarras (the 
centre of the gold region,) Lincoln, Anson, Mecklenburg, (which is rich also in 
zinc, sulphur, copperas, and blue vitriol,) Iredell, Rowan, Franklin, Gaston, Cald- 
well, Moore, McDowell, Rutherford, Guilford, and Burke; copper in Iredell, 
Rowan, Alleghany, Jackson and Guilford; bituminous coal in Chatham and 
Moore, and plumbago in Wake. In most of the counties, however, railroad or 
other facilities for marketing will be required to make these resources profitable, 
and at present, even in the best locations, capital, skill, and enterprise are needed. 
4. Cotton has heretofore been a principal, and in many cases the only sale 
crop in Duplin, Bertis, Northampton, Halifax, Anson, Cabarras, Mecklenburg, 
Franklin, Wilson, and Wake counties; but the disturbances in Jabor and fall in 
price have rendered it precarious, if not utterly unprofitable. Wheat is a prin- 
cipal and generally profitable crop in Cabarras, Mecklenburg, Randolph, Cam- 
den, Polk, Gaston, Caldwell, Moore, Guilford, and Burke; and corn in Duplin, 
Randolph, Halifax, Onslow, Sampson, Camden, Polk, Gaston, Henderson, Cald- 
well, Moore, McDowell, Wake, Rutherford, Guilford and Burke. ‘Tobacco is 
made a specialty in Franklin, Davie, and Person, and ground peas (or nuts) in 
Onslow. In nearly all the counties farming is reported at a low state in man- 
agement and profits. Corn is the staple for bread in many counties. Halifax 
reports the yield on best lands—cotton four hundred to five hundred pounds 
lint; corn on uplands twenty to thirty, and on lowlands thirty to fifty bushels ; 
but on common lands throughout the State the average is one hundred to three 
hundred pounds lint; twelve to twenty bushels of corn, five to ten bushels of 
wheat. Onslow reports ‘ground nuts fifty to ninety bushels per acre, at $2 25 
to $2 50 per bushel; and sweet potatoes fifty to sixty bushels, at $4 to $10 
per barrel. Sampson reports that before the war, at its county fairs, prizes were 
awarded for one hundred bushels of corn and thirty bushels of wheat to the acre. 
5. Drilling in grain crops is not practiced in the State, except a few experi- 
ments in two counties; and the general amount of wheat is sowed at the rate of one 
bushel to the acre, and lightly ploughed or harrowed in. The seed wheats pre- 
ferred are the earliest and hardiest procurable, and are as follows : Purple straw 
(called a white wheat, while others speak of “rare ripe” as a synonym, and 
call it a red wheat, thus causing doubt and confusion) is preferred in Duplin, 
Davidson, Randolph, Chatham, Halifax, Franklin, and Montgomery ; Medi- 
terranean in Randolph and Stokes; white Baltimore (pronounced very good, 
but rather uncertain) in Stanley, Rowan, and Rutherford; blue stem in Wilkes, 
Franklin, Polk, Alleghany, and Burke; Walker in Madison, Alleghany, Jackson, 
