78 
being: improved lands in farms, 8,062,758 acres; unimproved in farms,18,587,732 
acres; wild or waste areas (including waters, &c.) not in farms, 10,461,510 aeres. 
It is probable that the proportion of cultivated lands is smaller now than in 
1860; and the estimated values given by our correspondents range from twenty- 
five cents to fifteen dollars per acre, according to location and resourees. In 
Union, Murray, Chattooga, Gordon, Polk, Campbell, Cherokee, Jefferson, John- 
son, Greene, Morgan, Carroll, Heard, Taylor, Charlton, Schley, and Chureh, 
embracing all the range of temperature and varieties of soil in the State, these 
wild lands may be purchased at from twenty-five cents to one dollar per aere; 
while in Floyd, Cobb, Milton, Forsyth, Columbia, Warren, Hancock, Newton, 
Butler, Houston, Crawford, Stewart, and other counties, the average value ranges 
from one dollar and seventy-five cents to five dollars, generally averaging 
something over two dollars. In fact, throughout the State, in every county, 
such lands are to be found at merely nominal figures, and of such variety and 
extent as to supply any character of soil that may be desired. In many see- 
tions these lands are mountainous and covered with a heavy growth of timber, 
and the soil, when cleared and cultivated, capable of yielding good crops of corn, 
the small grains, potatoes, &c., and are well adapted to fruit-growing; while in 
others the lands are flat and swampy, of little value but for the timber; but the 
larger proportion comprise lands susceptible of high eultivation, and eapable of 
growing remunerative crops. 
3. There is probably no State or country of equal extent in which so great a 
varicty of soil, climate, and products exist as in Georgia. In one section are 
produced oranges, lemons, bananas, and other tropical fruits; while the other 
extreme yields all the products of the northern States. One chief cause of this 
variety is doubtless the different elevation of the several sections. It is claimed 
that there is searcely a plant of value to man, except coffee, that cannot be grown 
in this State, and but few minerals of use in the arts not found within its limits. 
The northwestern part of the State is mountainous, and the summer climate de- 
lightful and healthy. The northwestern portion is a blue limestone region; the 
river and valley lands are very fertile, and comparatively fresh, the valleys 
varying in width from one-fourth of a mile to two miles. Wheat, Indian corn, 
cotton, grass, &c., yield well; and it is claimed that with manuring and deep 
ploughing as much ean be raised here asin any part of the Union. The climate 
is agreeable and healthy, except in the vicinity of sluggish creeks, where there 
is liability to chills and fever. Water-power is abundant, and bituminous coal 
of excellent quality is extracted near the Tennessee line; and iron ore, lime, 
cement, slate, and white marble abound. 
There are no mountain ranges in middle Georgia, the surface being undulat- 
ing. Large portions of this section were originally very rich, but they have 
been seourged by bad cultivation, and are now much worn and reduced. Ma- 
nures act well upon these lands, as they are more easily restored than new 
lands are cleared. Most of middle Georgiais quite healthy, the winters mild 
and the summers warm, though not too hot for white labor. The rivers are 
bordered with bottom lands of great fertility, covered with valuable timber ; 
but these are liable to overflow and haye not been reclaimed, though protec- 
tion is practicable. These bottom lands are frequently four or five miles wide, 
with a soil of great depth, and it is stated that there are probably more aeres of 
rich, unreclaimed swamp lands in middle and southern Georgia than the whole 
kingdom of Holland, and when reclaimed will yield more than a bale of cotton 
to the acre. They will not now command more than $1 per acre. The timber 
on this vast extent of bottom land would probably more than pay the purchase, 
clearing, drainage, and embankment. 
Southeastern Georgia comprises the flat pine region and the rice and sea 
islands on the coast. The pine land is very poor, and valuable only for range 
and timber. he rice and sea-island lands were valuable before the war, but 
